228 



WAKE: ANTHROPOLOGY OF YORKSHIRE. 



the black-haired. The black is doubled ' to give its proper value to 

 the greater tendency to melanosity shown thereby'; while brown 

 (chestnut) hair is regarded as neutral, although most of the persons 

 placed in Dr. Beddoe's Class B are fair-skinned. From the gross 

 index the percentage index is readily obtained. 



Dr. Beddoe judges from the above statistics that the fair type 

 largely predominates throughout Yorkshire, and that it is more pro- 

 nounced in the Eastern districts than in the Western districts. As to 

 the Yorkshire skull-form, it need be said only that while the East of 

 England heads are short but not narrow, Dr. Beddoe infers from the 

 proportion borne by this circumference to the other dimensions that 

 the Yorkshire heads are more inclined to be oblong. 



The conclusions arrived at by Dr. Beddoe as to the races repre- 

 sented in Yorkshire agree with the teachings of history. He says, the 

 North and East Ridings ' have an Anglo-Danish population, in which 

 there are probably but scanty remains of the primitive races. It is 

 likely enough, however, that the descendants of the citizens of York 

 and Catterick survived to amalgamate with the earlier swarm of 

 conquerors ; and that a considerable number of Norman invaders — 

 rather Norman in this case than French — settled here after the 

 ravages of the great Bastard. The prevailing types are certainly 

 Anglian and Danish ; the chief one is thus described by the late 

 Professor Phillips, than whom no man knew the county better : — 

 ' Tall, large-boned, muscular persons ; visage long, angular ; com- 

 plexion fair or florid ; eyes blue or gray ; hair light brown or reddish.' 

 The local variations are considerable, and some of them may date from 

 the Conquest. The features of the famous Captain Cook, who was 

 a Whitby man, are frequently reproduced ; they resemble those of a 

 Scandinavian type, found in the Lewis. . . . The average stature 

 and weight are apparently the largest in England;' the Anthropo- 

 metric Committee of the British Association give the height as 

 5 feet 9 inches, and the weight 164 lbs. The inhabitants of Flam- 

 borough are said to differ remarkably from the general population of 

 the East Riding. According to General Pitt- Rivers, they have either 

 dark or red hair, and they exceed in size the natives of the neigh- 

 bouring district, although the men have actually the same average 

 stature as that just mentioned for Yorkshiremen in general. In the 

 level lands south of York, and in the Vale of the Derwent, there is a 

 race of small, round-faced, brown, dark-haired men, with almond- 

 shaped eyes, which Professor Phillips thought to be of a Romano- 

 British or Iberian origin, but which Dr. Beddoe thinks may be partly 

 at least of French extraction. He supposes them to be descended 

 from the immigrants who settled in the North and East of Yorkshire 



Naturalist, 



