86 



the specific gravity of the two soils (indeed, the lighter con- 

 tains more silica), but from the particles of earth not being 

 in equally close contact. 



In another field belonging to Mr. W. Stephenson, of 

 Womersley, upon the New Red Sandstone, which is rather 

 peaty and possesses a subsoil of clay, one portion of it was 

 Swede turnips, which were pulled off" ; another potatoes ; a 

 third white turnips, which were eaten ofF the ground with 

 sheep ; a fourth portion open fallow, manured with rape dust. 

 All these different pieces were sown with barley and red 

 clover ; but the red clover disappeared in the winter from all 

 except one, viz., the white turnips eaten off with sheep, and 

 the soil of which weighed — 



11 J lbs. per foot of six inches deep, or about 216 tons per 



acre more than the swedes. 

 5^ lbs. per foot of six inches deep, or about 100 tons per 



acre more than the potatoes. 

 lOf lbs. per foot of six inches deep, or about 200 tons per 



acre more than the open fallow. 



The treading of the sheep in eating off upon this soil added 

 a weight of 11 J lbs. per solid foot, and the additional density 

 and compactness in the soil of this particular piece, evidently 

 enabled the red clover upon it to endure the severity of the 

 winter. 



In a field in the occupation of Mr. Ruddock, of Went- 

 bridge, upon the Magnesian Limestone, which was an open 

 summer*s fallow, but in the spring was sown with barley 

 and red clover, the latter died away in the winter from all 

 parts of the field, except upon those headlands where the 

 horses had turned round in ploughing. The good clover soil 

 gave an excess of 5| lbs. per foot in weight (or 100 tons per 

 acre) over the soil which had no clover upon it, but which 

 was covered with weeds. 



In a field belonging to Mr. Rowley, of Kirk Smeaton, 



