"WESTBURY STATION, N. Y. 79 Fruits for Long Island 
Heading-back too vigorous shoots, and removing undesirable branches, may be done at any time 
during the summer. Storm-damaged trees and decayed wounds may be repaired whenever necessary. 
CULTIVATION and FEEDING (Fertilizing). All young fruit plantations should be kept cultivated 
the same as corn or potatoes; in fact/vegetables may be profitably grown in young orchards. Culti- 
vate once in two weeks or oftener, and especially the day following a heavy rain. This will make a 
mulch of about three inches of fine earth or dust, that prevents evaporation from the soil. Feed 
annually with stable manure or complete fertilizers, or both. Trees need a fertilizer rich in potash 
and phosphoric acid, rather than an excess of nitrogen ; therefore, muriate of potash, unleached hard- 
wood ashes, bone-flour and dissolved South Carolina rock are good special fertilizers. Crimson 
■clover is valuable as a green manure, sown in August, before the last cultivating, and plowed under 
the following spring. 
Borers in the trunks of trees should be dug out. Leaf-eating insects are killed by spray of Paris 
green, i lb. to 100 gallons of water. Currant-worms are quickly killed by hellebore powder. Leaf- 
sucking insects are destroyed by spraying or washing with whale-oil soap or kerosene emulsion. 
Mildew and other fungous diseases of grapes and fruit trees are prevented by spraying with Bordeaux 
mixture or ammoniacal solution of carbonate of copper. 
FOR SAN JOSE SCALE, which is being generally distributed by birds, use whale-oil soap, kero- 
sene, petroleum, or lime, salt and sulphur wash. For instructions write to the State Agricultural 
Experiment Station, Geneva, N. Y. 
DISTANCES TO PLANT TREES AND PLANTS 
Apples . . . 30- x 30 feet, 
Pears, Standard, and Cherries 25 x 25 
" Dwarf . 12 x 12 
Peaches, Plums and Apricots 18 x 18 
Grapes .. ...... . . . ... . ; ........... ... ? .■ ;/ .., 10 x 16 
Asparagus 2x5 
Currants and Gooseberries 2x4 
Raspberries and Blackberries 3x6 
Strawberries .............. . ..............1x3 
Closer planting and pruning is advised for small gardens. 
THE VARIETIES ARE GIVEN IN ABOUT THE ORDER OF RIPENING 
48 trees per acre 
70 " 
300 " 
135 " 
275 vines " 
4,250 plants " 
5,450 bushes " 
2,420-planls ' ' 
14,500 " 
APPLES 
Price, 5 to 6 feet, 25 cts. each, $20 per 100; 6 to 
7 feet, 35 cts. each. Larger trees, 40 to 75 cts. each. 
In our old and extensive orchards most of the 
varieties here listed, and many others that have 
been discarded, have been tested. While some 
varieties will thrive anywhere under good culture, 
the loss entailed by planting and cultivating poor 
varieties is great, and emphasizes the importance of 
planting tested kinds. Many good varieties will oc- 
casionally fail to produce satisfactory crops through 
lack of culture and fertility, or insects and fungus. 
LARGE ORCHARDS.— Those intending to plant 
large orchards are invited to correspond with us 
early in the season, before October or March. Low 
rates for trees of various qualities will be quoted. 
SUMMER 
Primate. An excellent early Apple, superior to the 
Harvest in flavor. Very tender ; bright yellow ; 
ripens in July. 
Yellow Transparent. A Russian variety of value. 
Medium size; skin translucent yellow, with waxen 
surface ; flesh yellow ; sprightly acid. July. Usu- 
ally bears the first year after planting. 
Harvest. Medium size, pale yellow ; flesh white, 
tender and juicy ; rather acid. Ripens in July. 
Red Astrachan. Large, round, deep crimson, which 
takes a bright polish ; flesh juicy. A vigorous, 
productive tree. Good for early market and 
dessert. 
Sweet Bough (Early Bough). Large, pale yellow ; 
tender, sweet. An excellent variety for baking. 
Oldenburg (Duchess of Oldenburg). A Russian 
variety of value ; fruit above medium size, hand- 
some, yellow, covered with streaks of crimson > 
flesh tender, juicy and pleasant. August. 
AUTUMN 
Gravenstein. Large, round, red and yellow ; flesh 
firm, brittle, juicy, high flavored, subacid. Tree 
vigorous and productive. A long time in ripen- 
ing during August and September. The best 
market Apple of its season, and deservedly 
popular. 
Wealthy. Medium size ; skin oily, dark red ; flesh 
white, fine-grained, juicy, subacid. Tree a free 
grower and early bearer. Resembles the Fameuse. 
October and November. 
Porter. Large, oblong, bright yellow ; flesh tender, 
rich, aromatic flavor. A very good fall Apple. 
Fall Pippin. Very large, round, rich yellow ; flesh 
yellow, firm, tender, creamy and excellent flavor 
for dessert or cooking ; tree vigorous and pro- 
ductive. An old and well-known variety, more 
subject to apple-scab than some others It 
ripens in late autumn and keeps until midwinter. 
