WESTBURY STATION, N. Y. 13 
Comparative Chart 
Results on Long Island 
Lessons for Long Island 
Pine trees thrive on land poor in lime. Beech trees 
need lime. 
Rhododendrons and other plants of the heath family, 
as laurel, azalea, clethra, andromeda, huckleberry, will 
not grow on limestone soil. 
Use lime and potash or wood ashes for clover. Test 
lime on Hempstead Plains. 
. Use these plants largely in landscape planting. They 
all demand some leaf-mold. 
Lack of humus accounts for lack of evergreen seed- 
lings, as hemlock, fir, spruce, rhododendron, which 
start in it. Conditions of our soil are favorable to their 
mature growth. 
In landscape forestry, i. e., the gradual thinning of 
the forest for the development of broad trees, if the 
leaf-mold is removed, the food and moisture supply is 
reduced and the trees fail. 
Apply stable manure and any available vegetable 
matter. Grow clover, cow-peas, vetch, rye, and plow 
under. Mulch around trees with leaves, thatch, manure 
or lawn clippings. Dig in each year and apply more. 
Mulch beds of shrubs ; it is cheaper than hoeing. 
Owners of country places fail to get economical or 
beautiful results from starvation of trees. Small trees 
suffer most because they have not a deep, wide root 
ciretpm Ti-ppc nnH ■nlfint'; arp mnst bpantifnl when 
most happy, i. e., with ample food and moisture supply. 
Study the maximum growth of trees and get yours to 
equal it. Pin-oak, 2 feet; red oak, 2 feet; Norway 
maple, 2 feet ; poplar, 4 feet ; white pine, 2 feet. The 
rate of growth of the leader of young trees is greater 
than of older trees. Avoid too much manure and water, 
which makes the ground sodden and rots the roots. 
Some evergreens are injured while young, but not 
when established with their roots below the frost. 
Protect some species, especially when young or stand- 
ing alone. Chinese arborvitse, hemlock, Retinospora 
pisifeva and its varieties, English and Irish yew, cedar 
of Lebanon, Deodar cedar, cephalotaxus, blue spirea, 
Andromeda Japonica, Azalea amcena, boxwood, 
daphne, Euonymus Japonicum, evergreen hawthorn, 
1 heather, English holly, mahonia, Magnolia grandiflora, 
osmanthus, rhododendron, .dolichos, English ivy, tea 
roses. Mulch Japanese anemone, foxglove, lilies, knip- 
hofia, sage, thyme, phlox, pinks, and other perennials. 
Long Island can grow many plants that are tender 
elsewhere. It is about the northern limit for many 
southern trees— liquidambar, persimmon, white cedar, 
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holly. In the center of the island frost may kill the 
foliage earlier than near the shore. 
Take advantage of the exceptionally favorable Long 
Island conditions and develop the highest beauty of 
the landscape. If growth is started when you order, 
buy from a near-by nursery, where the trees are grown 
and dug with numerous fibrous roots. Prune and re- 
move part of the foliage, transport and plant carefully 
and quickly. The warm soil quickly starts new roots. 
Planting may thus continue in May and June. Shrubs 
may be planted with balls of earth. 
Long Island soil averages more sandy than mainland. 
Sand and rock-dust blown in from boulders on the 
sound shore, as at Dosoris, Bayville and Oyster Bay, 
form the fertile asparagus soil. Fine beach sand blown 
over the pine barrens is pure quartz and not fertile. 
The moraine soil and flora resembles the adjacent 
mainland. The coastal plain soil and flora is distinctly 
southern and resembles the coastal plain from New 
Jersey southward. Select for permanent planting trees 
especially adapted to these conditions. 
