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USES. Hornbeam wood is highly prized for heating, and it's often used for artwork 

 because of its durability. It's used for making mill wheels, levers, tool handles, mallets, 

 etc. A cubic foot weighs about fifty pounds. 



Hornbeams are planted to cover garden walls. With its numerous branches and its 

 ease of transplantation the tree lends itself to being fashioned in any way one would wish. 



CULTIVATION. Hornbeams often are propagated from suckers, but seed planting 

 is the preferred way. In this case the seeds must be sown as soon as they are mature, in 

 gentle, natural well-loosened soil and kept somewhat in the shade. The young hornbeams 

 are placed in a nursery around their second year and permanently located about the third 

 or fourth year. 



KEY TO PLATES. 



1. Common hornbeam. 2. Male catkin. 3. Scales and stamens. 4. Intact fruit. 5. 

 Detached capsule. 



1 . Hop hornbeam. 



