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GUIDE. 



Lilting them doesn't require the same care as for saplings intended for timber. They are 

 usually chosen from saplings two, three, or four years old. The trees include hawthorns, 

 thorny plums, small elms for hedges, hornbeams, common maples, privets, and the like. 

 The ones for hedgerows are planted in small ditches dug to a shovel's depth. The sapling's 

 taproot is cut off and the stem is cut down to three to six inches above the ground. The 

 individual saplings are placed next to one another, three to five inches apart, arranged in a 

 single line. 



Saplings for palisades in gardens are planted closer together. They are cut back to 

 a height of fifteen to twenty inches, or even higher if one wants to enjoy them sooner, and 

 if they're strong and in good ground. They are also planted by lines in ditches between 

 three and seven inches apart. 



Groves are created in gardens with all kinds of trees, shrubs, and bushes. The way 

 they now are planted in Paris and its surroundings is truly a disaster. It's costly, offers 

 only brief enjoyment, and is regretted afterwards. Different species of trees of the same 

 age are crowded together pell-mell; some will grow into large trees, while others remain 

 mere bushes. And they're all placed less than four feet apart! 



For the first two or three years, these trees live well together; 



