Isaac Hicks & Son, Westbury Station, N. Y.— Evergreens 
35 
Fir, concolor, continued 
color of evergreens and, 
therefore, can be used 
in larger masses. It is 
a tree with an appear- 
ance of stability, of 
rich elegance and dig- 
nity. No insect, fungus 
or climate troubles have 
developed. It is per- 
fectly hardy, even on 
the seacoast of New 
England. It is broader, 
more solid and perma- 
nent-looking than most 
of the other evergreens, 
and promises to be a 
long-lived tree, retain- 
ing its lower branches 
in perfect condition. 
The reason it has not 
become more com- 
monly planted is be- 
cause of its compara- 
tively recent discov- 
ery and the more start- 
ling novelty, the Colo- 
rado Blue Spruce. 
Most of the plants 
are supplied from 
Europe, and some are 
grafted from side 
shoots, making crooked trees. Another trouble is 
that some of the foreign stock is of the variety 
native to California, and, therefore, not so hardy. 
It has long, coarse roots, and occasional root- 
pruning is necessary to keep it in condition for 
successful transplanting. 
We have grown our larger trees in squares 
where they have ample room to develop, so 
that they can be root-pruned. It may be a trite 
saying that it should be in every collection, at 
least in every collection that has room for a 
dozen trees of medium growth. 
Cephalonian. A. Cephalonica. Named from the 
island it inhabits on the west coast of Greece. 
It resembles the Nordmann's Fir and makes a 
broad, dark green tree of rich and solid appearance. 
Siberian. A. Sibirica. A promising, rapid-growing 
Fir of soft foliage; lighter green in color than the 
other Firs. 
Fraser's Balsam. A. Fraseri. This is native of 
the southern Allegheny mountains, and, so far 
as we have tested it, makes a handsome, narrow 
pyramid of dark green foliage with the delightful 
spicy aroma familiar to those who know the 
balsam pillows. It promises to be better adapted 
to this climate than the Balsam Fir of the north- 
ern forests. We have a number of well-formed 
specimens offered at low rates. 
Sub-Alpine. A. sub-alpina. A handsome, blue- 
green species from the Rocky mountains, resem- 
bling Concolor Fir. 
Noble. A. nobilis glauca. A dwarf, compact bush 
of bluish foliage, of value only in collections. 
American Hemlock 
(Tsuga Canadensis) 
The most graceful evergreen for this region. It is 
native to Long Island, but that fact is known to 
very few people because of its rarity at present. 
Like the White Pine, it was probably cut off by the 
early settlers and the remnants nearly exterminated 
111 
Concolor Firs moved by Hicks Tree-Moving apparatus for 
Madison, N. J. 
it, H. McK. Twombly, 
American Hemlock, continued 
by the forest fires and crowding of deciduous trees. 
It is now growing wild at Oyster Bay, Cold Spring, 
East Norwich, Wheatly, Glen Cove, Roslyn, Port 
Washington, and The Alley at Little Neck. 
It is not good for seaside planting. There is a 
map published by the New York Commission for 
Additional Water Supply, showing the amount of 
salt, or sodium chloride in the rain-water on different 
parts of Long Island. At Southampton there are 
sixteen parts of chlorine in a million parts of water. 
In the center of Long Island there are four parts and 
on the north shore seven parts. The California 
Privet {Ligustrum ovalifolium) , native to the coast 
of Japan, thrives best and is hardiest where there 
is the most salt, not because of the salt, but because 
the ocean influence makes the climate moist and 
equable. 
Hemlock thrives best where there is the least 
ocean influence. It is damaged on the south shore 
of Long Island by the warm winter winds from the 
ocean, which excite the transpiration of sap from the 
foliage. These winds are alternate with dry, cold, 
northwest winds. A few hundred yards from the 
coast, the Hemlock will thrive if in a grove of trees 
or shrubs of similar size. 
We would not advise planting Hemlock isolated 
on the crest of a bare hill. If you want a Hemlock 
hedge in such a position, trim the plants to make 
them dense. 
We have a large stock of extra-sized Hemlocks, 
5 to 9 feet high, that have been sheared to dense, 
handsome pyramids. They are suitable for hedges 
or screen groups, windbreaks and massing about the 
foundation of a house. Such Hemlocks are especial- 
ly valuable for planting around the base of groups 
of tall Cedars. It frequently occurs that Cedars 
20 to 30 feet high are planted as a screen to buildings, 
as windbreaks, or background for flower gardens. 
The bases of such trees are occasionally bare of foli- 
age and irregular. The Hemlocks are naturally full 
at the base, and their graceful outlines give a touch 
of beauty to the groups. 
