232 



Mycologia 



pycnia. European investigators have noted the absence of pycnia 

 in this species, both in the field and in cultures. The suppression: 

 of the gametophytic sori, as in this case, is rare in heteroecious 

 rusts. 



This is the first culture yet made with American material. 

 In 1880 Hartig made cultures at Munich, Germany, by using- 

 aeciospores from Abies alba and teliospores from Vaccinium 

 Vitis-idaea, thus transferring in both directions. The most 

 extensive cultures were made by Dr. G. Winter in 1885 and 1886,, 

 in the garden of the Experiment Station at Halle, Germany.'^' 

 He successfully sowed teliospores on Abies nobilis, A. magnifica, 

 A. concolor, A. balsamea and A. Fraseri, natives of North Amer- 

 ica, and on eight other species of Abies, natives of various parts 

 of the world. 



After the sori made their appearance in our own cultures I 

 wrote to Prof. Eraser, the collector of the culture material, de- 

 scribing the salient characters of the aecia, and inclosed infected' 

 leaves obtained by means of the culture. With this information- 

 he was able to go into the field and find the aecia on Abies bal- 

 samea, returning a collection which he made at Pictou, Nova 

 Scotia, July 14, 1909,^^ the first known collection from North- 

 America. This stage of the fungus is probably common through- 

 out the country, and the fact that it has been seen but once is 

 doubtless due to its early appearance, lack of accompanying hy- 

 pertrophy and discoloration, evanescent character, and general' 

 inconspicuousness. 



Successful cultures reported now for the first time: 

 The following species have never before been cultivated, in Amer- 

 ica or elsewhere, so far as the writer knows. Although the- 

 number is small, it includes most valuable additions to our knowl- 

 edge of American rusts. The study of the cedar rusts, which has 

 been greatly advanced by the spring excursions of the last three- 

 years for personal observation and collection of material, is ap- 

 proaching a full survey of the species of the eastern United 

 States, although an unknown number of species remain in the 

 western mountains yet to be investigated. 



See Klebahn, Die wirtsw. Rostpilze 391. 1904, 

 ^Hedwigia 26: 28. 1887. 

 See Fraser, Science 30: 814. 1909. 



