AN ENUMERATION OF LICHENS COL- 

 LECTED BY CLARA EATON CUM- 

 MINGS IN JAMAICA— I 



Lincoln W. Riddle 



The lichens forming the basis of the following enumeration 

 were collected by the late Professor Clara Eaton Cummings, of 

 Wellesley College, on a trip to the island of Jamaica in the West 

 Indies during February and March, 1905. After Professor Cum- 

 mings' death, the collection was sent according to her instructions 

 to the New York Botanical Garden. It is through the courtesy 

 of Dr. and Mrs. N. L. Britton that I have been permitted to study 

 the material. 



The present paper contains the lichens of the groups Conio- 

 carpineae, Cyclocarpineae, and Hymenolichenes. The Graphi- 

 dineae are now being studied by Professor Bruce Fink, and these 

 together with the Pyrenocarpeae will be treated in a subsequent 

 paper. 



It is unfortunate that the exact data relating to the locality and 

 habitat of the specimens collected were lost after Professor Cum- 

 mings' death, and it is, therefore, possible to give only the num- 

 bers attached to the specimens. Material of several of the num- 

 bers has been issued during the last two years in Mr. G. K. 

 Merrill's Lichenes Exsiccati. All such will be referred to in con- 

 nection with the respective species. 



The study of the lichen flora of tropical America is attended 

 with considerable difliculty, owing chiefly to two facts: first, in 

 the case of many of the species there are no authentic specimens 

 in American herbaria ; and, second, the literature, while consider- 

 able in amount, is widely scattered and for the most part not 

 correlated. In addition to Tuckerman's Synopsis of the North 

 American Lichens, the most useful single work is Wainio's fitude 

 sur les lichens du Bresil (in Acta Soc. Fauna et Flora Fennica. 

 1890). This is cited in the following enumeration as Wainio 



125 



