118 



Mycologia 



mm.), convex, crenulate — marginate, disk chestnut. Spores 8-10 



X 4.5-5-5/*. 

 Substrata: on earth. 



Geographical distribution : Common throughout the Boreal 

 zone. It has been reported from Newfoundland (Eckfeldt and 

 others) to Greenland (Vahl) on the Atlantic coast, and from 

 Oregon (Roell) to Alaska (Cummings and others) on the Pa- 

 cific coast. In addition to these localities I have seen specimens 

 from Melville island, Keewatin and Ungava and it has been 

 recorded from Hudson bay (Bell, Macoun), Great Bear lake 

 (height on) , and Arctic America (Richardson). 



Observations : There is little doubt that this species holds a 

 very close relation with the Cetrarias. It is often misdetermined 

 for Cetraria aculeata (Screb.) Fr., and in its most luxuriant state 

 resembles not only in color but in structure the true Cetrarias. 

 The spore characters have also been described differently by 

 authoritative authors, those here given are compiled from Ny- 

 lander, Tuckerman, and Crombie who all no doubt gleaned their 

 information from the same source, i. e., specimens from the 

 islands of northeastern Asia.* Nylander at first called the 

 asci " bi-tri-sporae,"f but later Nylander, Crombie and Dr. 

 Zahlbruckner include it under the Section Bryopogon to which 

 they attribute 8 spores in an ascus.J The size and form of the 

 apothecia is more typical of Cetraria than Alectoria. There 

 seems little question that this species " Affinitatem magnam prae- 

 be[n]t cum Cetrariis." 



Specimens Examined 

 North America: Drummond (S). Newfoundland: Long 

 Island, A. C. Waghorne, Sept. 9, 1893 (NH) ; W. Palmer, Aug., 

 1887 (NH). Labrador: Pack's Harbor, /. W. Eckfeldt, 1892- 

 96 (NY, NH) ; L'ance au Loup, /. W. Eckfeldt, 1892-96 (NH, 

 NY) ; Blanc Sablon, /. IV. Eckfeldt, 1892-96 (NH) ; Red Bay, 

 A. C. Waghorne, June 8, 1899 (NH) ; Long Island, A. C. Wag- 



* Arnold : " mit Apothecien auf Neufundland gesammalt." Lich. Fragm. 

 Oesterr. bot. Ztschr. 46: 11. 1896. 



t Synop. 279. 1858-60, also Notis. ur Sallsk. Fauna et Fl. Fenn. 8 : 112. 1882. 

 t Nyl., Bull. Soc. Linn. Norm. Coen. 1 : (4). 268. 1888 : " sporae 8 nae." 



