260 



Mycologia 



should be classified as lichens. Grouping and associating lichens 

 with their nearest relatives among the fungi would also facilitate 

 the study of their relationships and tend to bring about a better 

 understanding of both. Mycologist, Pathologist, a. 



Quotation 31 



The fungi are fungi and the algae are algae. The present 

 method consists simply in classifying colonies. This may be use- 

 ful as an artificial method of recognizing the fungi and algae 

 concerned, but it is scarcely a natural classification of organisms. 

 The fungus part should be distributed among the fungi and the 

 algae among the algae. Morphologist, Systematist, a. 



Quotation 32 



The lichens should be distributed among the fungi from the 

 theoretical point of view. The lichens are the results of the sym- 

 biosis of algae and fungi, just comparable to that of tubercle- 

 bacteria to the Leguminosae. The lichens cannot be considered 

 as a distinct class, for the same reason that we cannot consider 

 the Leguminosae with tubercles to be a distinct class from those 

 without tubercles. Anatomist, Physiologist, a. 



Quotation 



I assume that classification is good only in so far as it reflects 

 phylogeny. Since I am convinced that Verrucarias came from 

 black fungi and Lecideas from cup fungi, for example, there is 

 nothing left for me to do but take these out of the common 

 group lichens, and place them as near the ancestral forms as pos- 

 sible. Naturally this connection is even more evident in hymeno- 

 lichens, which make the usual grouping of lichens still more arti- 

 ficial. To me, the lichen presents a particular food-habit among 

 fungi, just as fungi do among plants generally, and I would no 

 more place so-called pyreno-, disco- and hymeno-lichens together 

 than bacteria, molds, mushrooms, dodders, etc. Ecologist, My- 

 cologist, a. 



