viii 



PREFACE. 



the specimens of trees and shrubs in the Linnean herbarium ; as be is to 

 A. B. Lambert, Esq., V.P.L.S., &c., for the use of his magnificent library 

 and unique herbarium, and for the living specimens of the Coniferae from 

 Boyton ; and to W. T. Aiton, Esq., F.L.S., H.S., &c., Her Majesty's Garden- 

 Director at Kew, for specimens of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum there, 

 for the loan of manuscripts, and for other valuable information and assistance, 

 communicated either directly by himself, or through that scientific and assidu- 

 ous botanist and cultivator, Mr. Smith, foreman of the Kew Botanic Garden. 



To His Grace the Duke of Northumberland the author is indebted, not 

 only for access for himself and artists to examine and take portraits of the 

 splendid exotic trees at Syon, but for drawings of upwai'ds of a hundred 

 of the largest and rarest of those trees, made for this Work by G. E. 

 Lewis, Esq., at His Grace's expense, and also for engravings from several 

 of the largest of these drawings. To Mrs. Lawrence of Studley Royal 

 he is obliged for the portraits of many of the noble trees in the park 

 at Studley, that lady having employed a London artist, H. W. Jukes, Esq., 

 for several months for that purpose ; and to the Rev. J. Charnock, for di- 

 recting the measurements, and supplying interesting information respecting 

 those trees. To the Countess of Bridgewater he is indebted for portraits of 

 the gigantic beeches at Ashridge : and to Lady Grenville, for permission to take 

 drawings, and for numerous specimens of the Jbietinae in the magnificent 

 pinetum at Dropmore ; and to Her Ladyship's intelligent and most industrious 

 gardener, Mr. Frost, for supplying valuable information respecting their culture 

 and management, and for lending every assistance in his power. Portraits of 

 trees, and many specimens, have also been sent by various other persons in 

 different parts of Great Britain and Ireland, whose names, lest any individual 

 should be by chance omitted, it is not endeavoured here to enumerate. 



The author is also indebted, for portraits, specimens, and information, to 

 various amateurs and gardeners on the Continent, as well as to correspond- 

 ents in North America and AustraHa ; and more especially to M. Alphonse 

 De Candolle of Geneva ; to M. Andre Michaux, M. Vilmorin, M. Loiseleur 

 Deslongchamps, and M. Soulange-Bodin, of Paris ; to Baron Jacquin, and M. 

 Charles Ranch, of Vienna ; to Professor Reinwardt, Leyden ; Professor Kops, 

 Utrecht ; M. Otto, Berlin ; Messrs, Booth, Hamburg ; Professor Schouw 

 and M. Petersen, Copenhagen ; Bishop Agardh, Carlstadt, Sweden ; Dr. 

 Fischer, Petersburg; M. Fintelman, Moscow,- M. Descemet, Odessa; Sr. 

 G. Manetti, Monza, near Milan ; the Honourable Keppel Craven, Naples ; 

 Dr. Mease, Philadelphia ; Col. Carr, of Bartram's Botanic Garden ; and John 

 Thompson, Esq., Surveyor General's office, Sydney, 



In the literary department the author received the assistance of the Rev. 

 M. J. Berkeley, M. A., F.L.S., for the lists of Fungi inhabiting different spe- 

 cies of trees ; of J. O.Westwood, Esq., F.L.S., Secretary to the Entomological 

 Society, for descriptions and drawings of the Insects infesting different species ; 

 of Wm, Spence, Esq., F.L.S., and of M. Audouin, Member of the Institute 

 of France, and Professor of Entomology, for information respecting the species 

 of Scolytus injurious to the elm ; of Mr, John Denson, A.L.S., in drawing up 



