298 



ARBORETUM AND FRUTICETU3I. PART III. 



rarely lateral ; those bearing male flowers are usually many-flowered ; but 

 those bearing female flowers are few-flowered, either free from bracteas, or 

 furnished with very small ones. The berries of many of the species of this 

 genus are often made into a paste, and used in their native countries to intox- 

 icate fish and birds, &c., in order to take them ; and it is said that brewers 

 use them to give their ale and porter an intoxicating quality. {Don's Mill., i. 

 p. lOl.) The species are chiefly tropical, and only one that is hardy has yet 

 been introduced into the British gardens. 



1. Co'ccuLus CAROLi^Nus Bec. The Carolina Cocculus. 



Jdentification. Dec. Prod., 1. p. 98. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 107. 



Synonymes. Menispermum carolinum Z.m. ; Wendl&ndz'a populifMia Willd., Pursh, and Bill. ; 



Aiidropliilax scindens Wendl. ; BaumgarUVj scandens Momch. ; Menisperme de la Caroline, Fr. ; 



Carolinischer Mondsaame, Ger. 

 Engravings. Dill. Elth., 223. 1. 178. f. 219. ; Wendl. Obs., 3. 1. 16. ; and our fig. 45. 



Spec. Char., Sfc. Leaves cordate or ovate, 

 entire, obtuse, and somewhat 3-lobed ; 

 under surface velvety pubescent. Male 

 racemes floriferous from the base, fe- 

 male ones 3-flowered. (Doit's Mill., i. 

 p. 107.) A twining shrub, a native of 

 Carolina, Georgia, and Florida, in 

 woods and hedges, as the black bryony 

 is in England. The flowers are dioe- 

 cious, but, according to Wendland, 

 often hermaphrodite. Though ligneous 

 in its native country, in cold countries 

 it is often herbaceous or subherbaceous. 

 The flowers, which appear in June and 

 July, are greenish j and the berries, 

 when ripe, are of a red colour. It was 

 introduced into England in 1759, and 

 is not uncommon in botanic gardens and 

 the principal nurseries. Price, in Lon- 

 don, ]s. 6d. a plant ; at BoUwyller,?; in 

 New York, 1 dollar. 



App. i. Anticipated Mefiispermdcece. 

 In p. 175. are enumerated some genera and species belonging to this order 

 which are natives of the Himalaya; and in p. 176. some that are natives of 

 China and Japan, which, it is considered, would be found half-hardy in our 

 gardens. 



CHAP, VIII. 



OF THE HARDY LIGNEOUS PLANTS OF THE ORDER 

 BERBERA: CEM. 



This order is distinguished from other thalamiflorous ones by the fol- 

 lowing traits. Sepals usually 6, in two whorls, deciduous, and furnished 

 with petal-like scales on the outside. The petals are equal in number 

 with the sepals; and the stamens equal in number with the petals, and 

 opposite to them. The anthers " open by reflexed valves; that is to say, 

 the face of each cell of the anther peels off except at the point, where it 

 adheres as if it were hinged there;" a structure so remarkable, Dr. Lind- 

 Jey observes, as to be " found in no European plants except Berberaccee 



