CHAP. XXII. 



,>fCERA CliJE. A CER. 



419 



roots soon become spongy and rotten, and the plant becomes a prey to licliens 

 and fungi, and finally dies. The cause of the disease being the humidity of the 

 soil, it can only be prevented by planting the tree on soil sufhciently dry, either 

 naturally or by drainage. Two parasitic species of i^^ungus are found upon 

 the leaves: Xyldma «cerinura Pens., described and figuretl in the jEJ^cj/c/o/jcec/ia 

 of Plants, No. 164.90., and Erlneum acerinuiu Pers., described and figured 

 in the Encydopcedia of Plants, No. 16593. A sweet clammy matter exudes 

 from the foliage, and is fed upon by insects, whose excrements tend to dis- 

 colour it ; which shows, in some seasons, considerable discolouration and want 

 of cleanness and freshness, that maybe referred in part to this cause, and may 

 be in part referable to particles of dust and other matter floating in the atmo- 

 sphere, and falling on the clammy surface of the foliage. 



Statistics: Tliere are a great many fine specimens of this tree in different parts of Europe ; and, as 

 it is a well-known species, we shaU onlj' select a few, as in other cases, partly to show the rate of 

 growth, and partly to show the magnitude attained relatively to time. 



A. l^seiido-Fldlanus in the Environs of London. At Kew, there is a tree, 100 years planted, and 

 74 ft. high, the trunk Sift, in diameter, and the diameter of the head 60 ft.; at Mount Grove, 

 Hampstead, A. P. albo vaiiegata, 69 ft. high, the trunk 2 ft.lO in. in diameter, and the head 47 ft. in 

 diameter ; the soil a sandy loam, and the situation exposed. 



A. Pseiulo-VkUanus South of London. In Hampshire, in Wilkins's Nursery, Isle of Wight, 10 

 years planted, and 25 ft. high ; at .41rosford, 81 years planted, 70 ft high, the trunk, at t ft. from the 

 ground, 9 ft. in diameter; in Devonshire, at Endsleigh Cottage, 22 years planted, and 40 ft. high ; in 

 Dorsetshire, at Bridehead House, 77 years old, and 40 ft high : in Kent, at Cobham Hall, 98 ft. high ; 

 the diameter of the trunk, at 1 ft from the ground, 5 ft 4 in. ; the conlcnls of the tree in timber, 

 450 ft ; in Somersetshire, at Brockley Hall, 90 ft. high, and the diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 10 in. 



A. PseMo-Vlutanm North, qf iMruion. In Berkshire, at Bear Wood, 15 years planted, 30 ft. high ; 

 in Worcestershire, at Hadzor House, 10 years planted, and 28 feet high; at Hagley, 9 years planted, 

 and 17 ft high; in Lancashire, at Lancaster, in the Friends' Burying Ground, several fine trees 

 about a century old, between 60 ft and 70 ft high, with trunks from 2| ft to 3 ft. in diameter, and 

 lieads 60 ft to 70 ft in diameter ; at Latham House, 40 years planted.'and 45 ft. high; at Aldcliflf 

 Hall, 50 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 40 It, and of the head 60 ft. ; in Northumberland, at Wool- 

 sington, 55 ft. high, the diamtter of the trunk 8 ft 4 in , and of the head SO ft ; in Suffolk, at 

 Finborough Hall, 7U years planted, and 70 ft high; at Livermore, y/. P. variegSta, 13 years planted, 

 21ft high; in Yorkshire, at Hackness, 70 years planted, and 74 ft. high; at Grimston, 12 years 

 planted, and 40 ft. high ; in Warwickshire, at Coombo Abbey, A. P. variegkta, 60 years jjlanted, and 

 53 ft high ; iu Rutlandshire, at Belvoir Castle, the species 18 years planted, and 24 ft high ; In 

 Hertfordshire, at Cheshunt, A. P. variegata, 10 years planted, 28 ft high. 



A. Pseiido-Yldtanusin Scotland. In Mid-Lothian, at Hopeton House, SO ft. high, the trunk 4 ft. 

 10 in. in diameter, and the diameter of the space covered by tlie branches 90 ft ; at Morcdun Park 

 are two trees 50 ft high an i 70 ft high, the trunks 3 ft 3 in. and 4 ft 6 in. in diameter, and tlic 

 heads from 50 ft. to 60 ft. in diameter ; at Calder House, one standing on the pleasure-ground 

 on the road from the house to the church, measured, on the 4th of October, 1799, 17 ft. 7 in. 

 in girt, and at the ground 20 ft 3 in. Its trunk was 12 ft high, with a clear bole, after wliich it 

 divided into five great arms. Its branches extended in diameter about 60 ft. This tree is 

 known to have been planted before the Reformation; and it is supposed to be not less than 300 

 years old ; yet it has the appearance of being perfectly sound. It was the tree to which, long ago, the 

 iron jugs (a" species of pillory) were fastened. The tree came gradually to grow over them ; and they 

 have now been completely enclosed in its trunk for a considerable time. At the place where they are 

 enclosed, there is a great protuberance, on the south side of the tree, at the height of between 4 ft 

 and 5 ft." {Lauder's Gilpin, i. 272.) At Preston Hall, there is a tree, 19 ft Sin. in circumference, at 

 1 ft. from the ground ; at Niddry Marischall, one which, at 3 ft. from the ground, measures 19 ft. 4 in. 

 In Renfrewshire, there is one 65 ft. high, diameter of the trunk 5 ft 2 in., and of the head 80 ft. ; at 

 Bishopton, one 60 ft. high, the trunk 6^ ft in diameter, and the contents in timber 720 ft, figured by 

 Strutt in his Sijlva Britannica ; in East Lothian, at Tynninghani, 52 ft high, diameter of the trunk 

 3 ft. 4 in., and 'of the head 96 ft ; in Berwickshire, at Yester, at 1 ft from the ground, 19 ft. in cir- 

 cumference; atNewbattle Abbey, many large trees, planted before the Reformation; one planted 

 before the year 1530; at Nisbet, 65 ft. high in 1795 {Lauder's Gilpin, vol. i. p. 272.) ; in Ayrshire, at 

 Dornholm, 70 ft. high ; at Blair, 100 years planted, 70 ft high ; at Cassilis, the diameter of the head 

 84 ft., and of the trunk 5 ft ; in Clackmannanshire, in the garden of the Dollar Institution, 12 years 

 planted, and 28 ft high ; in Perthshire, in Messrs. i)ickson and Turnbull's Nursery, Perth, 24 years 

 planted, 57 ft high, the diameter of the trimk 28 in., and of the head 30 ft. ; at Taymouth, 200 years 

 planted, and 100 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 6 ft., and of the head 40 ft. ; in Sutherlandshire, at 

 Dunrobin Castle, 63 ft high, diameter of the trunk 2 ft. 5 in., and of the head 27 It ; another tree 

 there, 180 years planted, 68 ft high, and the trunk Si ft in diameter; in Stirlingshire, at Airthrey 

 Castle, 60 ft. high, the diameter of the space covered by the head 66 ft ; at Callendar Park, 70 ft. 

 high, the diameter of the trunk 5 ft,, and of the head 66 ft ; at Sauchie, 89ft. high, the diameter of 

 the trunk 3 ft. and of the head 50 ft. 



A. Pseudo-Vldtanus in Ireland. In Dublin, at the Glasnevin Botanic Garden, 25 years planted, and 

 24 ft. high ; at Cypress Grove, 45 ft. high ; in Connaught, at Makree Castle, 77 ft. high, diameter of 

 the trunk 4 ft, and of the head 68 ft. ; in Galway, at Coole, 40 ft. high, the diameter of the trunk 

 14 in., and of the head 38 ft ; in Down, at Castle Ward, 134 years planted, and 64 ft high, the diame- 

 ter of the trunk 3 It, and of the head 42 ft. 



A. Psefido-Vldtanus in Foreign Cimntries. In France, in the Botanic Garden at Toulon, 48 j ears 

 planted, and 90 ft. high ; in the neighbourhood of Nantes, 60 ft. high. In Hanover, at Schwbbher, 

 80 ft. high ; in Sa.KOuy, at Wcirlitz, 65 yeai-s planted, 50 ft high : in Austria, m the garden of 

 the University of Vienna, 30 years planted, and 40 ft. high ; at Laxenburg, .OO years planted, and 

 3j ft high, in Prussia, in tlie Pfauen Insel, at Potsdam, 40 years Iplanted, and 45 ft high. In 

 Bavaria, at Munich,^ 26 years planted, and 15 ft high. In Switzerland, at Friburg, is a tree sup. 

 posed to be about 500 years old, the trunk is 26^ ft. in circumference at 1 ft from the ground. In 

 fiweden, at Lund, 14 years planted, and 38 ft high. 



Comwercial Statistic!;, Price of plants, in the London nurseries, seedling:5 



G 6 3 



