528 



APPENDIX. 



[No. I. 



a little felspar with imbedded circular concretions of quartz ; and of greyish-white 

 quartzose sandstone, with imbedded portions of the pale-red kind, both of which 

 probably belong to the new red sandstone formation. Fragments were also found 

 of dark-greeny felspathose trap, coloured by hornblende, of greenstone, of dark- 

 flesh red felspar in granular concretions, with imbedded patches of hornblende, 

 of red felspar, associated with hornblende, and passing to greenstone ; and of 

 red felspar partly coloured with hornblende, and containing amygdaloidal por- 

 tions of prehnite, most of which belong to the trap formation, connected with the 

 new red sandstone. Many pretty large masses also occur of a compact wine- 

 yellow limestone, resembling conchoidal hornstone, having a flat conchoidal 

 fracture, and alternating with thin layers of flint inclining to flinty slate. This 

 stone is precisely similar to some of the more compact varieties of the limestone 

 near Cumberland- House, although in the latter situation we never observed it 

 associated with flinty slate. 



The Copper Mountains consist principally of trap rocks, which seem to be 

 imposed upon the new red sandstone or the flcetz limestone which covers it. A 

 short way below the influx of the Mouse, the Copper- Mine River washes the 

 base of some bluish-grey clay stone cliffs, having a somewhat slaty structure, 

 dipping to the north at an angle of 20°. 



The Copper Mountains appear to form a range running S.E. and N.W. The 

 great mass of rock in the mountains seems to consist of felspar in various condi- 

 tions ; sometimes in the form of felspar rock or claystone, sometimes coloured by 

 hornblende, and approaching to greenstone, but most generally in the form of 

 dark reddish-brown amygdaloid. The amygdaloidal masses, contained in the 

 amygdalord, are either entirely pistacite, or pistacite enclosing calc-spar. Scales 

 of native copper are very generally disseminated through this rock, through a spe- 

 cies of trap tuff which nearly resembled it, and also through a reddish sandstone 

 on which it appears to rest. When the felspar assumed the appearance of a slaty 

 clay -stone, which it did towards the base of the mountains on the banks of the 

 river, we observed no copper in it. The rough, and in general rounded and 

 more elevated parts of the mountain, are composed of the amygdaloid ; but be- 

 tween the eminences there occur many narrow and deep valleys, which are 

 bounded by perpendicular mural precipices of greenstone. It is in these val- 

 leys, amongst the loose soil, that the Indians search for copper. Amongst the 

 specimens we picked up in these valleys, were plates of native copper : 



