706 



APPENDIX. 



[No. VI- 



discharge their waters into the Arctic Sea. The sturgeon fishery at Cumberland 

 House is most productive in the spring and summer, but some are caught occasionally 

 in the winter. Considerable differences in the intensity of the colour of the body, 

 and in the length and acuteness of the snout, exist amongst the individuals caught 

 there, but they seem to be all referable to this species. A fish of sixty pounds 

 weight is esteemed to be large. To the westward of the Rocky Mountains sturgeons, 

 weighing several hundred pounds, are common. These are probably of the species A. 

 huso, L. The sturgeon, in the Saskatchawan, generally spawns in June, but indivi- 

 duals are found at all seasons containing roe. 



Salmo Hearnii. Copper-Mine River Salmon. 



Sub-genus salmo. Cm. R8g. An. ii. p. 160. 



Salmo, maculis carneo-rubris, squamis parvis multum nitentibus, masillis aequaiibus, cauda integri. 



Shape, that of the common salmon, but the head rather larger in proportion. 



The colour of the back is olive green, of the sides pale, of the belly bluish white ; 

 and there are several longitudinal rows of fiesh-red spots, of which those on the 

 sides are largest, and about the size of a pea. 



The scales are very small, but possess much lustre, and adhere very firmly to a 

 mucous skin. 



The head is destitute of scales. The cheeks are unprotected by bone, but, together 

 with the opercula, have much pearly lustre. The eyes are small, and situated 

 about half an inch from the middle of the margin of the mouth. The nostrils are 

 double, being composed of two small evalvular openings on each side, which are 

 placed superiorly and anteriorly to the eye, or about half way between that organ and 

 the mouth. The jaws are of equal length ; the upper one is emarginated, and 

 receives the knobbed extremity of the lower one into the notch. 



Mouth. — The intermaxillary bones project a little to form the snout, but enter 

 only, in a small degree, into the composition of the margin of the mouth, The 

 snout thus formed, is separated from the vault of the palate by a thin membrane, 

 which arises from the maxillary bones, lies in a plane parallel to that of the palate, 

 and has its crescentic edge directed towards the pharynx. The maxillary bones, are 

 oblong, and form the sides of the upper jaw ; their lower extremities play upon 

 the outside of the inferior jaw. The limbs of the lower jaw meet in an acute angle, 

 and form a knob at the symphysis. 



Teeth. — The upper and lower maxillaries are furnished sparingly with small 

 subulate teeth. A solitary tooth, similar to these, is placed on each side of the 

 notch, formed by the intermaxillaries. There are also rows of teeth on the palatine 

 bones, and a few on the anterior part of the vomer, and some stronger ones on the 

 tongue, all subulate. 



