HAW-FINCH. 239 



months, and to be fond of shady places, making- its nest on shore 

 amongst shrubs, particularly about the most rapid torrents. It dives 

 admirably in search of small shell-fish, on which it feeds, as well as on 

 the spawn of fish, and the larvce of the gnat. Has been found fre- 

 quently in the small rivulets of Hudson's Bay, ninety miles inland: most 

 probably frequenting such places in preference to large rivers, during 

 the breeding season. It flies swiftly, and to a great height, so that it is 

 not easily taken. The note is a sort of a whistle. " This species," 

 says Wilson, " is very rare on the coasts of the middle and southern 

 States of America, though not unfrequently found off those of New 

 England, where it is known by the dignified title of Lord, probably 

 from the elegant crescents and circles of white which ornament its 

 neck and breast." It lays ten or twelve eggs, like those of the pigeon. 

 In autumn, when the young are capable of flying, they migrate south- 

 ward, to pass the winter in the open sea. It is a rare visitant on the 

 northern coast of Scotland. 



HATCHING.— Treated of under Incubation. 



HAW-FINCH (Fringilla coccothraustes, Temminck.) 



*Fringilla coccothraustes, Temm. Man. d'Orn. 1. p. 344. — Loxia coccothraustes, 

 Linn. 1. p. 299.— Faun. Suec. No. 222.— Gmel. Syst. 1. p. 844. sp. 2.— Rail, 

 Syn. p. 85. A. 1.— Will. p. 150.— Ems. 3. p. 219. 1.— Le Gros-bec, Buf. Ois. 

 3. p. 44. t. 27. f. 1.— Ib. pi. Enl. 99. and 100.— Temm. Man. d'Orn. 1. p. 344. 

 Kirsch Kernbeisser, Bechst. Naturg. Deut. 3. p. 35. — Meyer, Tasschenb. 1. p. 

 143.— Frisch, t. 4. f. 2. A. B. — Appel-vink, Sepp, Vog. 2. t. p. 137.— Gros- 

 beak or Hawfinch, Br. Zool. No. 113.— Arc. Zool. 2. p. 354. C. Will. (Angl.) 



p. 244, U.—Albin, 1. t. 56 Lewin's Br. Birds, 2. t. 67.— Lath. Syn. 3. p. 



109. 4.— Ib. Supp. p. 148.— Mont. Orn. Diet. l.—Pult. Cat. Dorset, p. 11 



Wale. Syn. 2. t. 206.— Don. Br. Birds, 2. t. 43.— Bewick's Br. Birds, 1. p. t. 133. 

 Shaw's Zool. 9. p. 236. pi. 42.— Flem. Br. Anim.— Selby, pi. 55. fig. 1. p. 262.* 



The length of this species is six inches ; weight about two ounces. 

 The bill is three quarters of an inch long, half an inch thick at the 

 base, and remarkably strong, of a pinkish hue when alive, but soon 

 fades to a light-brown horn colour ; irides grey ; the crown of the head 

 and cheeks are bay ; between the bill and eye, and round the nostrils, 

 black ; the chin and throat the same ; hind part of the neck ash- 

 coloured ; the back and scapulars chestnut-brown ; rump and upper tail 

 coverts light brown, inclining to ash-colour ; the breast light brown, 

 tinged with blossom-colour ; whitish towards the vent ; the greater 

 quills are dusky black ; the points, from the fourth, including the 

 secondary quills, as far as the fifteenth or sixteenth, are glossy bluish- 

 black, truncated at their ends, and four or five of them bent in form of 

 a battle-axe ; on the middle of their inner webs a white spot ; three or 

 four of the lesser quills close to the body are the colour of the back ; 

 the smallest coverts dusky ; beneath a few are white, making a small 



