520 TUFTED DUCK. 



effected, and the nests belonging to the two pairs of birds were taken, 

 each with four eggs. The materials with which the nest is made, are 

 the same as those commonly used by the house sparrow, chiefly hay and 

 feathers. The eggs are also similar to those of that bird, but smaller, 

 weighing from thirty-four to forty-one grains.* 



TRINGA (Brisson.) — * Sandpiper, a genus thus characterised. 

 Bill of middle size, or long, very slightly arched ; bent at the point, or 

 straight, soft and flexible in its whole length, compressed at the base, 

 depressed, dilated, and obtuse at the point ; both the mandibles fur- 

 rowed as far as the point ; nostrils at the sides conical, pierced in the 

 membrane which covers the nasal groove in all its length ; legs slender, 

 naked above the knee ; three toes before, and one behind ; the fore toes 

 entirely divided ; in a small number, the middle toe and the outer 

 reunited by a membrane ; hind toe jointed upon the shank ; wings 

 of middle size, the first quill the longest.* 



TUFTED DUCK (Fuligula cristrata, Stephens.) 



*AnasFuligula, Linn. Syst. 1. p. 207. 15.— Gmel. Syst. 11. p. 543.— Lath. Ind. 

 Orn. 2. p. 868. 90. — Will. p. 280. t. 73.— Temm. Man. d'Orn. 2. p. 873.— 

 Anas Scandica, Gmel. Syst. 1. p. 520. 88. — Anas cristrata, Ruii, Syn. p. 142. 



A. 7.— Glaucium minus, Briss. 11. p. 411. 26. t. 37. 1.— Ib. 8vo. 2. p. 469 



Nyroca Fuligula, Flem. Br. Anim. p. 122. — Stor. degl. ucc. 5. p. 594. — Morillon, 



Buff. Ois. 9. p. t. 227. 231. t. 15 Tufted Duck, Br. Zool. 2. No. 274. Ib. fol. 



153 Arct. Zool. 2. p. 573. G.—Albin, 1. 1. 95.— Will. (Angl.) p. 365. t. 73 



Haye's Br. Birds, t. 26.— Lath. Syn. 6. p. 540. IQ.—Pult. Cat. Dorset, p. 20. 



— Wale. Syn. 1. t. 78. — Lewin's Br. Birds, 7. t. 257 Wils. Amer. Orn. 8. pi. 



60. 67. 5.— Linn. Trans. 6. p. 515 Mont. Orn. Diet.— Lapmarck Duck, Lath. 



Syn. 6. p. 515 Brown Duck, Perm. Arct. Zool. Q. 



This species weighs about twenty-five ounces ; length seventeen 

 inches ; the bill is near two inches long, of a bluish lead-colour, broadest 

 towards the point ; nail black ; irides black yellow ; the head, neck, 

 upper part of the breast, and whole upper part of the body, black ; the 

 two first tinged with changeable violet and green ; on the back of the 

 head a pendant crest of very narrow feathers, sometimes two inches 

 long ; the back and scapulars are very minutely speckled with grey, not 

 distinguishable at a small distance ; the three or four first greater quills 

 black on their outer webs, the rest more or less white towards the base; 

 the secondaries, except four or five next the body, white, tipped with 

 black, and slightly edged with the same ; lower breast and belly glossy 

 white ; above the thighs, and behind the vent, black ; the tail is some- 

 what cuneiform, and consists of fourteen black feathers ; the whole 

 upper parts of the bird have a slight tinge of violet, when viewed in 

 some particular lights ; legs and feet dusky black. 



This bird is subject to much variety in size and colour ; it will some- 

 times weigh as much as thirty-one ounces, others not above twenty- 



