140 



Sheppard : Geology of B rough, East Yorkshire. 



gradually deposited, on the upturned edges of the previous 

 formations. We thus find that the chalk in this neighbourhood 

 rests directly on the Kimmeridge Clay, and further on, on the 

 Kellaways Rock, then on the Millepore Limestone, and finally 

 directly on the Lias. Unfortunately there are no sections clearly 

 showing the junction of the chalk and one of the other rocks 

 enumerated, but the direction of the underlying beds, and the 

 evidence afforded by borings, favour this view. Messrs. Tate 

 and Blake, in their work already referred to, record a section in 

 a brick-pit near Warter, in which the Red Chalk rests directly 

 on the Lower Lias. See also Trans. Leeds Geol. Assn., Part 9, 

 1893-4, p. 98 (' Excursion to Pocklington with the Yorkshire 

 Naturalists' Union '). 



At the base of the Cretaceous system, omitting for the 

 present the very doubtful occurrence of the Speeton Clay, the 

 Red Chalk is found. Near Weedley Springs, east of South 

 Cave Station, beds of this occur and amongst it are numbers 

 of bright phosphatic nodules, with oolitic granules adhering 

 thereto, which forcibly call to mind the Carstone of Lincoln- 

 shire ; and it is probable that in this cutting (as also in a small 

 section near Acklam Brow) the Carstone is represented. Small 

 quartzite pebbles, well polished, can also be obtained from the 

 material. Among the fossils are Belemnites minimiis, Terebra- 

 tula biplicata, Serpulce, etc. Of course, the Red Chalk is 

 found throughout the chalk district ; it can be traced in the 

 dales in many places — lines of springs betraying its presence. 

 At Welton, a few years ago, when some excavations were made 

 near the springs, excellent sections in the Red Chalk (which was 

 a good thickness at this point) were visible. 



Next above comes the Lower Chalk, with its 'pink bands.' 

 This is the best of the chalk beds from the collector's point of 

 view. Sections can be seen in two or three places, but perhaps 

 at best advantage in the railway cutting. The 'black band,' or 

 Belemnitella plena zone, which separates the Middle from the 

 Lower Chalk, can also be traced, the dark shales contrasting 

 well with the white chalk above and below. So far its charac- 

 teristic fossil, from which the bed derives its name, has not 

 been met with. It yet remains for someone to find a specimen 

 in Yorkshire for the first time ! Several have been found at 

 Barton, Louth, and other places in Lincolnshire, and there is no 

 reason why it should not also be obtained here. 



The Middle, or flinty chalk, forms the main mass of our 

 Wolds. Solid beds of flint, several inches in thickness, can be 



Naturalist, 



