﻿24 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  vol.67 
  

  

  frayed, 
  while 
  the 
  whole 
  organ 
  is 
  of 
  good 
  length 
  in 
  proportion 
  to 
  

   the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  bill. 
  This 
  is 
  true 
  of 
  Dendrocolaptes 
  picunvnus 
  

   and 
  several 
  species 
  of 
  Picolaptes. 
  But 
  one 
  specimen 
  of 
  Drymomis 
  

   bridgesi 
  was 
  available 
  and 
  in 
  an 
  excellent 
  state 
  of 
  preservation. 
  

   In 
  this 
  bird 
  the 
  tongue 
  was 
  exceptionally 
  small, 
  out 
  of 
  all 
  proportion 
  

   to 
  the 
  huge 
  sickle 
  bill 
  and 
  not 
  at 
  all 
  like 
  the 
  above-mentioned 
  genera. 
  

   The 
  appearance 
  was 
  much 
  as 
  if 
  the 
  horny 
  anterior 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  tongue 
  

   was 
  either 
  absent 
  or 
  had 
  been 
  shed. 
  Whether 
  this 
  is 
  an 
  accidental 
  

   or 
  natural 
  state 
  is 
  not 
  known. 
  Figure 
  100 
  illustrates 
  the 
  tongue 
  of 
  

   Furnarms 
  agnatm, 
  which 
  is 
  somewhat 
  fleshier 
  than 
  ordinary 
  and 
  is 
  

   not 
  supplied 
  with 
  so 
  great 
  a 
  proportion 
  of 
  horny 
  tip. 
  This 
  is 
  true 
  

   also 
  of 
  Cinclodes. 
  Figure 
  101 
  illustrates 
  JSittasomus, 
  species. 
  ( 
  ? 
  ) 
  

  

  The 
  Formicariidae 
  have 
  thin 
  horny 
  tongues 
  that 
  are 
  frayed 
  some- 
  

   what 
  more 
  than 
  the 
  ordinary, 
  extending 
  well 
  back 
  along 
  the 
  sides, 
  

   as 
  exemplified 
  by 
  that 
  of 
  Gymnocichla 
  nudiceps 
  (fig. 
  102). 
  Tham- 
  

   nophilus 
  bridgesi 
  (fig. 
  103) 
  shows 
  much 
  the 
  same 
  structure. 
  

  

  Figure 
  104 
  illustrates 
  the 
  tongue 
  of 
  Oligura 
  superciliaris, 
  one 
  of 
  

   the 
  Timaliidae. 
  

  

  Among 
  the 
  Pycnonotidae, 
  Pycnonotus 
  shows 
  a 
  simple 
  flat 
  tongue 
  

   that 
  is 
  bifid 
  but 
  not 
  frayed, 
  while 
  lole 
  philippinensis 
  has 
  one 
  some- 
  

   what 
  curled 
  and 
  both 
  forked 
  and 
  frayed 
  at 
  the 
  tip. 
  

  

  There 
  is 
  little 
  to 
  characterize 
  the 
  Muscicapidae, 
  as 
  the 
  tongues 
  seen 
  

   are 
  with 
  minor 
  variations 
  much 
  like 
  the 
  standard 
  pattern. 
  

  

  The 
  thrushes 
  and 
  their 
  allies 
  depart 
  from 
  the 
  usual 
  structure 
  by 
  

   the 
  addition 
  of 
  papillosities 
  on 
  the 
  dorsal 
  surface 
  of 
  the 
  tongue 
  

   around 
  the 
  basal 
  portion. 
  This 
  is 
  exemplified 
  by 
  Hylocichla 
  guttata 
  

   (fig. 
  106), 
  Myadestes 
  townsendi 
  (fig. 
  105), 
  Mimus 
  polyglottos 
  leu- 
  

   copterus 
  (fig. 
  107), 
  and 
  Sialia 
  mexicana 
  (fig. 
  108). 
  

  

  Polioptila 
  caerulea 
  obscura 
  (fig. 
  116) 
  does 
  not 
  have 
  this 
  arrange- 
  

   ment, 
  but 
  is 
  supplied 
  with 
  only 
  a 
  single 
  posterior 
  row 
  while 
  the 
  tip 
  

   is 
  considerably 
  frayed. 
  

  

  Ginclus 
  mexicanus 
  (fig. 
  110), 
  of 
  the 
  family 
  Cinclidae, 
  has 
  a 
  simple 
  

   rather 
  fleshy 
  tongue 
  slightly 
  curled 
  and 
  frayed. 
  

  

  The 
  wrens, 
  Troglodytidae, 
  are 
  marked 
  by 
  very 
  thin, 
  horny, 
  trans- 
  

   lucent, 
  long 
  tongues 
  through 
  which 
  the 
  contained 
  bones 
  are 
  plainly 
  

   visible. 
  The 
  posterior 
  spines 
  are 
  prominent 
  and 
  needlelike, 
  while 
  

   the 
  main 
  postero-lateral 
  projections 
  consist 
  of 
  prominent 
  rounded 
  

   horny 
  spines; 
  an 
  apperance 
  that 
  is 
  quite 
  characteristic, 
  and 
  is 
  not 
  

   lacking 
  even 
  in 
  that 
  non 
  wrenlike 
  form 
  Heleodytes 
  hnmneicapillus 
  

   couesi. 
  Figures 
  112 
  and 
  111 
  represent 
  this 
  organ 
  as 
  seen 
  in 
  Catherpes 
  

   mexicanus 
  punctulatus 
  and 
  Thryomanes 
  bewicki 
  charienturus, 
  re- 
  

   spectively. 
  

  

  Chamaea 
  jasciata 
  has 
  a 
  trough-shaped 
  square-tipped 
  tongue 
  well 
  

   supplied 
  with 
  entangling 
  hairlike 
  processes 
  very 
  suggestive 
  of 
  that 
  

  

  