﻿10 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  NATIONAL. 
  MUSEUM 
  vol.67 
  

  

  through 
  an 
  open 
  wound. 
  It 
  is 
  certain 
  that 
  this 
  occurred 
  when 
  the 
  

   animal 
  was 
  less 
  than 
  half 
  grown, 
  or 
  probably 
  very 
  young. 
  

  

  The 
  injury 
  immediately 
  caused 
  a 
  profound 
  alteration 
  in 
  the 
  mech- 
  

   anism 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  jaw. 
  As 
  fully 
  half 
  of 
  the 
  bone 
  upon 
  the 
  left 
  side 
  

   measuring 
  from 
  the 
  last 
  molar 
  to 
  the 
  condyle, 
  was 
  lost, 
  there 
  was 
  no 
  

   articulation 
  between 
  the 
  mandible 
  and 
  that 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  skull, 
  and 
  the 
  

   only 
  motion 
  possible 
  was 
  a 
  sort 
  of 
  rotation 
  of 
  the 
  lower 
  jaw. 
  It 
  is 
  

   certain, 
  of 
  course, 
  that 
  the 
  mouth 
  could 
  be 
  opened 
  sufficiently 
  for 
  the 
  

   insertion 
  of 
  required 
  food, 
  but 
  it 
  is 
  hardly 
  likely 
  that 
  possible 
  move- 
  

   ment 
  was 
  sufficient 
  to 
  enable 
  the 
  animal 
  to 
  use 
  its 
  canines 
  for 
  any 
  

   practical 
  purpose. 
  The 
  lower 
  canines 
  to 
  some 
  extent, 
  and 
  the 
  upper 
  

   ones 
  especially, 
  are 
  developed 
  in 
  length 
  well 
  beyond 
  what 
  is 
  normal 
  

   in 
  this 
  genus. 
  The 
  mandible 
  is 
  further 
  characterized 
  by 
  a 
  stunted 
  

   or 
  infantile 
  condition 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  ramus, 
  which 
  results 
  in 
  an 
  abnormal, 
  

   crowded 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  third 
  molar 
  upon 
  that 
  side. 
  The 
  balance 
  of 
  

   the 
  asymmetry 
  exhibited 
  by 
  the 
  mandible 
  is 
  due 
  to 
  the 
  more 
  normal 
  

   growth 
  of 
  the 
  right 
  ramus 
  and 
  the 
  twisting 
  effect 
  exerted, 
  through 
  

   the 
  teeth, 
  by 
  the 
  maxillary 
  deformities. 
  

  

  In 
  considering 
  the 
  form 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  proper 
  it 
  must 
  first 
  be 
  remem- 
  

   bered 
  that 
  the 
  insertions 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  pterygoid 
  muscles 
  have 
  been 
  totally 
  

   destroyed, 
  and 
  those 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  temporal 
  and 
  masseter, 
  largely 
  so. 
  

   To 
  just 
  this 
  extent 
  are 
  the 
  effects 
  of 
  these 
  muscles 
  upon 
  the 
  skull 
  

   destroyed, 
  except 
  as 
  there 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  fractional, 
  aberrant 
  functions 
  

   through 
  chance 
  secondary 
  attachments. 
  

  

  The 
  supraorbital 
  ridging 
  and 
  the 
  relational 
  position 
  of 
  the 
  two 
  

   orbits 
  may 
  be 
  said 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  only 
  symmetrical 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  The 
  

   occipital 
  plane 
  also 
  shows 
  practical 
  symmetry, 
  although 
  the 
  basioccip- 
  

   ital 
  does 
  not. 
  

  

  The 
  growth 
  of 
  the 
  right 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  has 
  been 
  as 
  nearly 
  nor- 
  

   mal 
  as 
  the 
  limitations 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  side 
  would 
  permit. 
  This 
  has 
  re- 
  

   sulted 
  in 
  a 
  disproportionately 
  swollen 
  appearance 
  of 
  the 
  right 
  side 
  

   of 
  the 
  cranium, 
  and 
  in 
  a 
  sharp 
  twisting 
  of 
  the 
  face 
  to 
  the 
  left. 
  A 
  

   somewhat 
  fantastic, 
  though 
  expressive, 
  way 
  of 
  describing 
  the 
  present 
  

   effect 
  is 
  to 
  imagine 
  the 
  juvenile 
  skull 
  as 
  having 
  been 
  made 
  of 
  soft 
  rub- 
  

   ber, 
  held 
  rigid 
  in 
  the 
  vicinity 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  zygomatic 
  process 
  of 
  the 
  

   maxilla, 
  and 
  the 
  rest 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  then 
  inflated 
  and 
  expanded. 
  This 
  

   appearance, 
  as 
  previously 
  mentioned, 
  has 
  been 
  attained 
  through 
  

   nongrowth 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  side. 
  All 
  parts 
  of 
  this 
  side 
  have 
  remained 
  

   infantile, 
  especially 
  the 
  length 
  of 
  the 
  zygomatic 
  arch, 
  which 
  has 
  ensued 
  

   upon 
  the 
  virtual 
  destruction 
  of 
  functions 
  of 
  the 
  muscles 
  of 
  mastica- 
  

   tion 
  upon 
  the 
  left 
  side. 
  

  

  One 
  result 
  of 
  the 
  infantilism 
  of 
  the 
  maxillary 
  border 
  upon 
  the 
  left 
  

   was 
  the 
  failure 
  of 
  the 
  alveolar 
  row 
  to 
  increase 
  in 
  length, 
  with 
  the 
  

   consequence 
  that 
  insufficient 
  room 
  was 
  provided 
  for 
  the 
  normal 
  em- 
  

   placement 
  of 
  the 
  permanent 
  first 
  molar. 
  This 
  has 
  resulted 
  in 
  the 
  

  

  