﻿12 
  PROCEEDINGS 
  OF 
  THE 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM 
  VOL.67 
  

  

  It 
  is 
  clear 
  that 
  the 
  original 
  injury 
  was 
  received 
  by 
  the 
  animal 
  

   when 
  the 
  bones 
  were 
  extremely 
  plastic. 
  It 
  is 
  equally 
  apparent 
  that 
  

   the 
  injury 
  was 
  in 
  the 
  nature 
  of 
  a 
  smart 
  blow 
  upon 
  the 
  side 
  of 
  the 
  

   head, 
  such 
  as 
  might 
  have 
  been 
  received 
  by 
  a 
  fall 
  from 
  a 
  ledge 
  upon 
  

   a 
  sharp 
  rock 
  some 
  distance 
  below. 
  

  

  The 
  occipital 
  bone 
  is 
  entirely 
  symmetrical, 
  but 
  this, 
  perhaps 
  with 
  

   the 
  pterygoids, 
  is 
  the 
  only 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  of 
  which 
  this 
  may 
  be 
  

   said. 
  

  

  Beginning 
  at 
  the 
  point 
  of 
  original 
  injury, 
  it 
  is 
  seen 
  that 
  the 
  jugal 
  

   has 
  been 
  fractured 
  in 
  at 
  least 
  one 
  and 
  possibly 
  two 
  places. 
  This, 
  

   however, 
  as 
  well 
  as 
  the 
  distal 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  zygomatic 
  process 
  of 
  the 
  

   squamosal, 
  is 
  now 
  so 
  distorted 
  that 
  but 
  little 
  can 
  be 
  told 
  from 
  it. 
  

   That 
  the 
  injury 
  took 
  place 
  during 
  the 
  very 
  early 
  life 
  of 
  the 
  animal 
  

   can 
  be 
  seen 
  not 
  alone 
  by 
  the 
  general 
  distortion, 
  but 
  from 
  the 
  fact 
  

   that 
  the 
  left 
  zygomatic 
  arch 
  is 
  very 
  much 
  stunted; 
  not 
  that 
  it 
  is 
  short- 
  

   ened, 
  of 
  course, 
  but 
  that 
  it 
  has 
  failed 
  to 
  grow 
  at 
  anywhere 
  near 
  the 
  

   normal 
  rate. 
  An 
  examination 
  of 
  the 
  glenoid 
  fossa 
  upon 
  this 
  side 
  dis- 
  

   closes 
  the 
  fact 
  that 
  the 
  medial 
  portion 
  of 
  its 
  concavity 
  is 
  granular 
  

   and 
  distorted 
  in 
  form. 
  There 
  was 
  assuredly 
  further 
  injury 
  at 
  this 
  

   point, 
  and 
  some 
  sort 
  of 
  fracture 
  or 
  derangement 
  of 
  the 
  precise 
  rela- 
  

   tionship 
  between 
  the 
  bones 
  immediately 
  caudad, 
  so 
  that 
  they 
  failed 
  

   to 
  grow 
  at 
  the 
  normal 
  rate. 
  This 
  certainly 
  seems 
  to 
  be 
  the 
  sole 
  ex- 
  

   tent 
  to 
  which 
  the 
  skull 
  was 
  directly 
  injured, 
  all 
  other 
  details 
  of 
  asym- 
  

   metry 
  having 
  been 
  due 
  to 
  indirect 
  influences. 
  

  

  An 
  early 
  and 
  complete 
  fusion 
  of 
  the 
  adjacent 
  sutures 
  evidently 
  

   followed 
  the 
  injury 
  to 
  the 
  last-mentioned 
  region, 
  which 
  resulted 
  in 
  a 
  

   permanent 
  stunting 
  of 
  this 
  portion 
  of 
  the 
  skull. 
  The 
  left 
  auditory 
  

   and 
  petrous 
  part 
  of 
  the 
  temporal 
  are 
  especially 
  affected, 
  being 
  small 
  

   and 
  misshapen. 
  The 
  resistance 
  to 
  growth 
  may 
  have 
  been 
  augmented 
  

   by 
  the 
  pressure 
  of 
  the 
  left 
  mandibular 
  ramus 
  against 
  its 
  glenoid 
  

   fossa, 
  caused 
  by 
  increasing 
  displacement 
  of 
  the 
  rostrum, 
  although 
  

   this 
  was 
  not 
  the 
  primary 
  factor 
  in 
  causing 
  the 
  condition. 
  The 
  dis- 
  

   tance 
  between 
  the 
  left 
  zygomatic 
  process 
  of 
  the 
  squamosal 
  and 
  the 
  

   normal 
  mastoid 
  is 
  but 
  4.5 
  mm., 
  while 
  the 
  same 
  distance 
  upon 
  the 
  

   right 
  side 
  measures 
  18 
  mm. 
  As 
  the 
  mastoids, 
  occipital, 
  and 
  lamb- 
  

   doidal 
  crests 
  are 
  entirely 
  normal, 
  or 
  at 
  least 
  symmetrical, 
  it 
  is 
  seen 
  

   that 
  there 
  is 
  a 
  sharp 
  bending 
  of 
  the 
  cross 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  skull, 
  through 
  

   the 
  glenoid 
  fossae, 
  of 
  four 
  degrees. 
  This, 
  carried 
  at 
  right 
  angles 
  to 
  

   the 
  anteriormost 
  point 
  of 
  the 
  mandibular 
  symphysis, 
  would 
  show 
  a 
  

   lateral 
  deflection 
  from 
  the 
  normal 
  axis 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  (as 
  projected 
  at 
  

   right 
  angles 
  to 
  the 
  occipital 
  plane) 
  of 
  about 
  20 
  mm., 
  even 
  were 
  there 
  

   no 
  other 
  asymmetrical 
  forces 
  operative. 
  As 
  a 
  matter 
  of 
  fact, 
  other 
  

   conditions 
  have 
  contributed 
  to 
  increase 
  this 
  deflection 
  so 
  that 
  it 
  

   actually 
  approximates 
  65 
  mm., 
  as 
  near 
  as 
  can 
  be 
  calculated. 
  

  

  