﻿SUPPLEMENTARY 
  OBSERVATIONS 
  ON 
  THE 
  SKULL 
  OF 
  

   THE 
  FOSSIL 
  PORPOISE 
  ZARHACHIS 
  FLAGELLATOR 
  

   COPE 
  

  

  By 
  Remington 
  Kellogg 
  

  

  Of 
  the 
  Bureau 
  of 
  Biological 
  Survey, 
  United 
  States 
  Department 
  of 
  Agriculture 
  

  

  During 
  the 
  past 
  ten 
  years 
  a 
  rather 
  large 
  number 
  of 
  vertebrae 
  and 
  

   other 
  portions 
  of 
  skeletons 
  of 
  cetaceans 
  have 
  been 
  obtained 
  from 
  

   the 
  Calvert 
  Miocene 
  formation 
  of 
  Maryland. 
  Most 
  of 
  these 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  were 
  obtained 
  by 
  digging 
  into 
  the 
  Calvert 
  Cliffs. 
  During 
  

   severe 
  storms 
  many 
  tons 
  of 
  sandy 
  clay 
  are 
  dislodged 
  from 
  the 
  face 
  

   of 
  the 
  cliff 
  by 
  the 
  undercutting 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  incoming 
  tide. 
  Many 
  

   specimens 
  are 
  destroyed 
  in 
  this 
  manner 
  and 
  at 
  the 
  same 
  time 
  others 
  

   are 
  exposed. 
  Worn 
  vertebrae 
  and 
  fragments 
  of 
  bones 
  are 
  found 
  at 
  

   frequent 
  intervals 
  on 
  the 
  beach 
  along 
  the 
  Calvert 
  Cliffs 
  after 
  a 
  

   storm. 
  With 
  the 
  exception 
  of 
  the 
  zygomatic 
  processes 
  and 
  the 
  

   condyles, 
  the 
  bones 
  of 
  the 
  skull 
  do 
  not 
  withstand 
  being 
  rolled 
  about 
  

   by 
  the 
  waves 
  and 
  are 
  soon 
  broken 
  up. 
  When 
  remains 
  of 
  pelagic 
  

   mammals 
  are 
  found 
  undisturbed 
  in 
  the 
  greenish 
  sandy 
  clay, 
  they 
  

   are 
  usually 
  well 
  preserved. 
  Complete 
  skeletons 
  of 
  these 
  mammals 
  

   are 
  rarely 
  found, 
  but 
  broken 
  ends 
  of 
  bones 
  and 
  portions 
  of 
  skulls 
  

   are 
  often 
  found 
  protruding 
  from 
  the 
  face 
  of 
  the 
  cliff. 
  

  

  Norman 
  H. 
  Boss, 
  to 
  whom 
  we 
  are 
  indebted 
  for 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  speci- 
  

   mens 
  described 
  in 
  this 
  and 
  the 
  preceding 
  papers, 
  1 
  has 
  been 
  extremely 
  

   fortunate 
  in 
  locating 
  and 
  collecting 
  specimens 
  of 
  fossil 
  porpoises. 
  

   One 
  of 
  the 
  skulls 
  which 
  he 
  collected 
  during 
  the 
  past 
  year 
  belongs 
  

   to 
  the 
  Miocene 
  porpoise, 
  Zarhachis 
  flagellator. 
  Although 
  incom- 
  

   plete, 
  this 
  skull 
  supplies 
  most 
  of 
  the 
  structural 
  details 
  which 
  were 
  

   missing 
  on 
  the 
  other 
  specimen. 
  The 
  locality 
  at 
  which 
  this 
  skull 
  

   was 
  obtained 
  is 
  less 
  than 
  2% 
  miles 
  south 
  of 
  the 
  previous 
  discovery. 
  

  

  The 
  only 
  certainly 
  known 
  remains 
  of 
  ZarhacMs 
  flagellator 
  from 
  

   the 
  Atlantic 
  coast 
  province 
  of 
  North 
  America 
  belong 
  to 
  four 
  indi- 
  

   viduals. 
  One 
  of 
  these 
  is 
  the 
  type 
  specimen, 
  a 
  single 
  anterior 
  caudal 
  

   vertebra; 
  a 
  fairly 
  complete 
  skeleton 
  which 
  was 
  described 
  in 
  1924 
  

   represents 
  the 
  second 
  specimen; 
  the 
  third 
  is 
  the 
  cranial 
  portion 
  of 
  

   a 
  skull 
  hereinafter 
  described 
  and 
  figured; 
  and 
  of 
  the 
  fourth 
  the 
  

   right 
  periotic 
  alone 
  was 
  collected. 
  

  

  ' 
  Kellogg, 
  R., 
  A 
  fossil 
  porpoise 
  from 
  the 
  Calvert 
  formation 
  of 
  Maryland. 
  Proc. 
  U. 
  S. 
  Nat. 
  Mus., 
  vol. 
  

   63, 
  publ. 
  2482, 
  pp. 
  1-39, 
  pis. 
  1-18. 
  March 
  26, 
  1924. 
  

  

  NO. 
  2600.-PROCEEDINGS 
  U. 
  S. 
  NATIONAL 
  MUSEUM, 
  VOL. 
  67, 
  ART. 
  28. 
  

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