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ABOLITION OF EESTRICTIONS. Chap. XXII. 



vexations interruptions to our commerce, we must 

 carry out what we have begun with a firm and 

 determined hand. With a nation like the Chinese, 

 particularly about Canton, this is true humanity 

 and mercy. 



But the question " What do we want from the 

 Chinese ? " naturally presents itself, and what 

 points in a new treaty ought to be insisted upon 

 in order to guard against and if possible prevent, 

 future disturbances between us and them. We 

 must have free entrance into the city of Canton, 

 however unimportant this may be ; and not for 

 our officials only, as they themselves have sug- 

 gested, but for our merchants, missionaries, or any 

 one who chooses to go, just as we have at the 

 other five ports which are now open to our trade. 

 Our officials must be received by Chinese officers 

 of equal rank on all occasions when any important 

 business is to be transacted. 



If possible, and I do not see anything to prevent 

 it, all those prohibitory regulations as regards our 

 trading at certain ports only, and going only a 

 certain distance into the country, ought to be 

 swept away. These regulations appear to have 

 been framed upon the supposition of our being a 

 barbarous race, foreign devils, and wild animals, 

 which it is necessary to cage up to secure the 

 safety of the civilized Chinese. The sooner such 

 regulations are abrogated the better it will be both 

 for the Chinese and ourselves. 



And, lastly, means ought to be taken to have 



