1 



Square labels seen in the cases, bear numbers correspond- 

 ing to those in the Guide, respectively. 



THE ANIMAL KINGDOM. 



VERTEBRATE ANIMALS. 



MAMMALS. 



Animals having a bony skeleton, supported by numerous 

 bony blocks which form the backbone and surmountcl by 

 a skull that protects the brain, are called vertebrate animals. 

 A certain number of these suckle their young, and are 

 seen to be the higher forms, quite easily distinguished from 

 the remainder; as for example from the birds, from the rep- 

 tiles, and from the fishes. 



This class of vertebrate animals is named Mammalia, from 

 the term indicating the great distinguishing feature, the 

 source of milk, which all mammals require from birth. 



Man, the highest mammal, has been variously regarded 

 in classification. The older naturalists placed him in a 

 separate Order, Bintana, from the distinguishing feature, 

 two hands ; the monkeys and apes being classed as four 

 handed, and placed as Order II. Quadnimana. In defer- 

 ence to man's superior estate, he may well be left free from 

 classification. 



As the collection includes some skeletons of one of the 

 lowest races of human beings, the Australian, it will be in- 

 structive to view them as examples of the highest of mam- 

 mals. 



Australian {Homo sapiens), represented by several 

 skeletons ; one of them, a female, measures six feet in height. 



Skulls of many native races from various portions of the 

 world are here ; the several skulls of the Chinook Tribe of 

 North American Indians are interesting from their condition 

 exemplifying the flattening of the head artificially. It is 

 well known that nearly every tribe of Indians from the 

 Arctic regions to Patagonia once practised this barbarous 

 custom. The Chinooks yet continue it. The embalmed 

 bodies in the doorway of the Archaeological gallery are of 



