120 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
borougli. Mr. Goocli, tlie engineer of the Mancliester and Leeds 
Railway said, there had been a quantity of it at Littleborough, 
which they had been obliged to remove ; but he had never ob- 
served it beyond that place. Also, that in sinking a shaft at 
Collyhurst, through the till, he found it at ten yards, then one 
yard of sand, and then the coal shale. 
Dr Black said, that, though often adrift as to this drift, he 
was led to think that the deposits were nearly simultaneous ; 
and according to the velocity and depth of the immense current 
of water which must have gone over the country, were these 
deposits found in the hollows. The sides of hills to the N. or 
N.W. were generally bare and all the drift was found on the 
other or lee sides. At the confluence of our streams and rivers 
was found a great abutment of sand and gravel ; instances of 
which he specified at Pendleton, and at the junction of the Irk 
and Irwell, and the Irwell and Medlock. His observations at 
Pendleton led him to say, that the dip was not as laid down in 
the section exhibited by Mr. Binney ; but that at Pepper Hill it 
was towards the valley. It seemed to have been a large bay, and 
the pebbles were ranged parallel, as on the Beach at Dover. 
The water seemed in the course of time to have retired, leaving 
a very large bay between Agecroft Bridge and Pepper Hill. He 
regarded it as result of tidal action throwing up waves upon a 
lagoon, and so ultimately throwing it entirely out of the country. 
As to organic remains, he had frequently found in the till layers 
of coal, and in one instance, a very nice specimen of Unio. 
This till was supposed by many to be the result of glacial action ; 
but to him the deposits of till and gravel seemed entirely owing 
to the position of the country, and the nature of the current 
and body of water ; all these deposits containing, more or less, 
fragments of the country over which the waters would flow. — 
Mr. Binney believed that the till under Chat Moss was of very 
great thickness, and then came a bed of sand. He did not^un- 
dertake to account for the drift, but rather wished to see facts 
