174 
THE GEOLOGIST. 
erium^ Megalonjrx and Mylodon, together with the horse^ in 
Bahia Blanca in Patagonia; these South American remains 
being shown by their geological position to be of later date 
than certain marine Newer Pliocene^ and Post-pliocene strata. 
Mr. Darwin also ascertained that some extinct animals of the 
same group are more modern in Patagonia than the drift with 
erratics. 
4. The extinct quadrupeds before alluded to in the United 
States lived after the deposition of the northern drift, and con- 
sequently the coldness of the climate which probably coincided 
in date with the transportation of the drift, was not, as some 
pretend; the cause of their extinction. 
MANCHESTER GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 
Feh. 23r<^.— Dr. Black, F.G.S. read his paper On the Sub- 
merged Forests of Ch^eat Britain." 
After a few preliminary remarks on the various remains of the 
vegetable world which once flourished in this island, and which 
are now found entombed within the strata of the earth, — the 
writer went on to state the mode in which the geologist of the 
present day had arrived at a knowledge of that great herbarium 
which has lain undisturbed so long in its present position. He 
remarked that the superficial covering of sand, clay, or gravel 
which had formerly been the basis of vegetable life and growth 
within the historical age of man, was not entirely perfect. In 
many places the seal was broken asunder, or altogether torn 
away; so that the remains of the vegetable world, of what might 
be called the middle age of the earth, were disclosed to view, both 
in the more inland districts and along many of the shores of this 
island, from the Hebrides to the Land^s End. The author then 
gave a brief notice of the principal submarine forests which have 
been found on the shores of the islands and western coast of 
Scotland, round to those very extensive submerged forests on 
the coasts of Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, and finally, noticing 
