NOTES AND QUEEIES. 



119 



Mammalian Remains at Bridlington. — Deab Sm, — I recently found a 

 fossil Elephant's tusk, embedded in bouldered chalk, in a line with, and adjoin- 

 ing the commencement of the chalk near Bridlington. In consequence of the 

 great pressure of boulder and other drift upon it, it is much crushed ; in fact, 

 the longest piece is only six inches in length. There were other fragments in 

 situ several inches long, and very thick. Before I disturbed the tusk it 

 measured three feet nine inches, but when I attempted to take it out it feU into 

 pieces. — Youi-s, etc., Edward Tindall. 



Smoking Pipes from the Excavations oe the Surrey Dock. — Dear 

 Sir, — At Greenhithe, or Rotherhithe, near the banks of the Thames, where, for 

 several months last year, the workmen have been digging out a place for a new 

 dock, called the Grand Surrey Dock, they found, at various depths, a quantity 

 of clay smoking-pipes in a bed of undisturbed gravel, which bed of gravel ex- 

 tended all over the dock, and the pipes spoken of were mixed in it here and 

 there all over all that area, at various depths — from twenty to thirty feet from 

 the surface. The pipes, sixteen in number, which have been brought to me are 

 all, with one exception, made out of diiferent moulds ; there are not two alike, 

 with the exception just made. 



How is it, I would ask, that these pipes have been so distributed as to be found 

 at thirty-six feet below the present surface of the land in that locality ? by 

 whom were they made ? and how long since ? 



The above questions are of interest, and perhaps may throw some light 

 on the ancient history of smoking. I may mention that the pipes, with the 

 smaller bowls were found deepest down amongst the gravel, and the dig- 

 gings were about from fifty to sixty yards from the Thames. Some of the 

 pipes had stems five inches to six inches long, others shorter, all of them 

 more or less mud-stained and broken, but not much water-worn or scratched. 

 A tavern once stood on part of the site of this new dock, which had 

 foundations four feet below the present sm-face. This tavern was built pre- 

 vious to 1578, and under it, at a depth of fifteen feet belov^ the founda- 

 tion, some of the pipes were found. — Edward Tindall, Bridlington, 2nd 

 Jan., 1860. 



The Red Chalk oe Yorkshire. — Eor the last two years I have searched 

 for this particular coloured stratum on the western margm of the chalk-hills of 

 Yorkshire, and have found it in situ, in a few places, from which also 1 have 

 extracted fossils. Why I was first induced to look out for this coloured bed 

 was in consequence of knowing its existence at Speeton, and of seeing quoted 

 in Phillip's Manual of Geology, page 12, that Lister had found a species of 

 belemnite {B. Listerii), while ascending the Wolds, at Speeton, Londesbro', and 

 Caistor, but always in a red ferruginous earth. 



Mr. Wiltshire's paper, " On the Red Chalk" is admirably written, and well 

 worthy of the greatest encomium ; however, I find in it a few slight miscon- 

 ceptions as to the range of some of the Red Chalk fossils of our Wolds, to 

 which I vdll, with your permission, briefly allude. 



In that monograph, page 6, it is mentioned that Young and Bird state that 

 " at ]N orth Grimstone the coloured chalk seems to be wanting." This, however, 

 is a mistake, or partially so, for I find it developed at a place not far from 

 thence, immediately above the Kimmeridge Clay. I also know of it at other 

 situations not mentioned by other geologists. At page 18 it is said that the 

 Terehratula hiplicata is very common at Hunstanton, but is not known at 

 Speeton, and that the characteristic fossils of the Red Chalk at Speeton are 

 Terehratula semiglobosa, Belemnites minimus, B. elo7igata, and at Hunstanton 

 Terehratula hipUcata, Belemnites minimus, and Spongia jparadoxica. Mr. E. 

 TindaU, of Bridlington, informs me that he has found at Speeton the follow- 

 ing fossils, namely, those figured in plate i., figs. 2, 4, 5 ; plate ii., fig. 4 ; 



