PROCEEDINGS OF GEOLOGICAL SOCIETIES. 



141 



classification he adopted in two papers — one on the Drift of Manchester, 

 and the other on the same deposits at Blackpool — printed in vols. viii. and x. 

 of the Society's Memoirs, as well as in a paper printed in the Manchester 

 Geological Society's Transactions for June, 1862. 



Mr. Hull, in his communication, read at the last meeting of the Society, 

 divided the higher drift deposits into (in descending order) : — " (1) Upper 

 Boulder Clay ; (2) Middle Sand and Gravel ; and (3) Lower Boulder Clay. 

 The JNfos. 2 and 3 had been described by the President as also a lower bed of 

 sand and gravel, of whose existence he (Mr. Hull) had considerable doubts, 

 and considered it as merely accidental." 'Now, in his (the President's) 

 paper on the Drift of Manchester, eleven sections of wells and bores are 

 given, and in ten of those the lower sand and gravel had been met with; thus 

 showing that it can scarcely be considered as merely accidental, as Mr. Hull 

 states. In many other sections since examined in Lancashire, this deposit 

 ias also been found under the till. With regard to the upper bed of boulder 

 clay, to which the President had alluded, Mr. Hull considered it to be 

 quite as important as the lower, both in thickness and area. 



The old term " till " is as good as that of boulder clay, and as it has been 

 long used there is not much use in changing it. During the last twenty 

 years he had collected many facts, which he intended to publish when he 

 Jiad completed his collection, but these did not show one bed of clay or 

 marl which could be called upper boulder clay, but several ; in fact, there 

 were numerous intercalations of it in the sand and gravel, one of which he 

 had seen occurring at Kersall Moor, entirely surrounded by sand. To 

 show the complexity of these deposits, and the difficulty of reducing them 

 to two, he gave two sections, one near Hyde and the other at Outwood, 

 where the following strata were met with : — 



HYDE. 







OUTWOOD. 









Feet 



in. 





Feet 



in. 



ciay 



11 



0 







G 





2 



6 







3 





22 



6 





. . 31 



2 





2 



6 



Red sand and gravel with e 



i yard 





Loam with pebbles 



12 



6 





. . 15 



0 





19 



0 





. . 32 



3 





9 



0 





3 



0 





6 



0 



Coal-measures 









3 



0 





145 



8 





7 



6 











3 



0 











15 



6 









Gravel and soft metal containing 















10 



0 









Coal-measures 













124 



0 









From the position of the Outwood section in a slight depression, and the 

 higher grounds adjoining being capped with a bed of clay containing peb- 

 bles eight or ten feet in thickness, another deposit of clay should be placed 

 on its top. Thus, in one case there are six beds of boulder clay, and in 

 the other only three. These are two of the many instances which could be 

 adduced, and suggest caution in attempting to classify these deposits with- 

 out collecting and consulting numerous sections. 



Manchester Geological Society.— January 19.— Mr. Dickinson, 

 one of her Majesty's Inspectors of Mines, read a'paper on " Modern and 



