ON THE GLACIAL DRIFT OT FUB2TES3, LANCASHIRE. 



215 



A mining section there gives : — 



Soil. yds, ft. 



Loose gravel and sand 5 



Hard boulder clay to rock 9 0 



The stones in the loose strata of gravel and sand are some of them 

 well striated. The thickness of deposits on the top of the hill, is 

 much greater than below. 



This bank, and another contiguous to it, appear to be extensions 

 of moraine matter from the higher grounds of Lindale Moor, High 

 Banks, Carr Kettle and AValthwaite Moors, and lie immediately be- 

 tween these and the Plain of Swarthmoor, which is one large spread 

 of boulder clay. Gill Brow would moreover, in all probability, form 

 a side bank on the great ice-flood line of the Pennington Beck, al- 

 though now situated nearly a mile from the stream. The loose gravel 

 stratum therefore might be part of the delta of that flood. No other 

 suggestion presents itself to my mind. The striations would forbid 

 the gravels beinsr regarded as marine. 



In the section formed by the railway-cutting, now grown over, the 

 stratified beds were observed "running in very thin seams " through 

 the boulder clay. They seem to be a constant and familiar accom- 

 paniment to that deposit, in the Carboniferous and Silurian grounds 

 of Furness. AYith the boulder clay on the Permian, I am not yet so 

 well acquainted. Its most southern inland extension, I believe, is at 

 Harbarrow, three and a half miles from the south point of Furness ; 

 not far from here, it probably declines down under the red marl of 

 Leece. In piercing through that deposit, near the Leece Tarn, for 

 water, it was supposed to be the boulder clay that was reached at the 

 depth of 112 feet. 



Stratified Marine Drift. — It does not appear that the stratified 

 marine drift of Furness can be said to attain in any thickness, to 

 elevations much above 100 feet. Travelled and unstriated boulders, 

 some of great size, water-rolled stones foreign to the district, and 

 stray fragments of shells, are certainly met with ; the latter even up 

 to 500 feet, but no undisturbed truly marine deposits exist at such 

 elevations to my knowledge. Several large stones, quite foreign to 

 the district, occur upon and in the boulder clay of Lindale and the 

 neighbouring moors ; whether they may be regarded as the remnants 

 of out-swept marine drift, and as marking the base of renewed gla- 

 ciation, it is difficult to say. Many of them, notwithstanding their 

 hardness, have all the appearance of glacial friction, being much 

 smoothed down and flattened. 



Probably they are marine deposits, which we find lying above a 

 mile in shore, at the Ulverstone Railway Station, and extending up 

 the Pennington Yale, to a little above 100 feet ; but I believe these 

 are met by, and to some degree commingled, and interstratified with 

 old fluviatile deposits. 



In sinking a well some years ago on the south of the town, be- 



