198 Europe : — a popular Physical Sketch. 



In North-west and South-east. — The Apennines, the Di- 

 naric Alps, the Sudetes, and Bohmerwald. 



In South-west and North-east. — Jura with Rauhe-Alpadn, 

 the Scotch mountains. 



Of a rounded form — The mountains of Auvergne, Harz, 

 and some smaller ones. 



Mountain groups from the mountains of Greece, Iceland, 

 Sicily and Ireland, with those situated on the arched mound 

 of the Karpathians. 



Isolated mountains of considerable height, on the plains, 

 are Etna, Hecla, Montserrat, Vesuvius, Gargan. 



Of the plains, the east European is the largest, next to 

 which the north European, then the Hungarian, after which 

 follow the rest. Of the table-lands, the Spanish is the high- 

 est and most extensive, next to which the Bavarian. 



Were the Rivers of Europe to be classified according to 

 their respective length, they would follow thus : — 



1st Class. — Volga and Danube. 



2nd Class.— Dniper and Don. 



3rd Class, — Rhine, Petschora, Dwina, Vistula, Dniester, 

 Elbe, Loire, Tajo, Diina, Guadiana, Oder, Niemen, Duoro, 

 Ebro, Po, Rhone, and Guadalquivir. 



4th Class. — The rest of the rivers mentioned in the pre- 

 ceding. 



The Caspian Sea receives the largest river ; the Black 

 Sea the three next ; of the 3rd class the Arctic Ocean re- 

 ceives two; the Baltic four ; the North Sea two ; the Atlantic 

 five; the Mediterranean three; the Black Sea one. 



With regard to their sources, three of the two first classes 

 originate on the east European plain : the Danube from the 

 Alps, the central European mountains and Balkan. Of the 

 3rd class rivers, three come from the Alps, four from the 

 central European mountains, five from the Spanish mountains 

 and the Pyrenees, and five from the east European plain. 

 From this will be seen, that the largest rivers originate on 



