328 



THE GEOLOGIST. 



trench, "which -was of further importance as proving the superposition of these 



beds to the Boulder clay, gave the following section : — 



1. Ochreous sand and gravel, passing down into -white 



sand 4 9 



2. Seams of fine white and ochreous gravel 1 3 



3. Light grey sandy clay 0 8 



4. Coarse Yellow gravel in which the flint-implement was )■ 10 feet. 



found 1 0 1 



5. Grev and brown clay with abundance of Bithinia ... 2 4 | 



6. Boulder clay 1 OJ 



Both in the gravel c and in the clay d bones of mammalia are still not unfre- 

 quently met with. I obtained a fragment of a rib of a deer and part of the tooth 

 of a horse, and I afterwards saw, in the collection of Mr. T. Amyott of Diss, 

 the astragalus of an elephant, which from the matrix in its interstices evidently 

 came from the bluish calcareous clay d. Pieces of wood, some of considerable 

 size, are found in this latter bed. Amons"st them may be recognised species 

 of oak, yew, and fir ; together with small seed-vessels. In the lower part of 

 this bed are thin seams or partings of sand full of shells, perfect but very friable, 

 of the following recent land and freshwater species : — Cyclas cornea, PisuKmm 

 amnicum, Unio (fragmentary), Bithinia tentaculata, Helix nitidula, H. hispida, 

 Limnem paJmtris, L. truncatulw, Planorbis albus, P. spirorbis, Succinea pufris, 

 Valvata piscinalis. 



According to Mr. Frere, the nint-implements were discovered in gravelly 

 soil underlying sand with shells and bones, and overlying a peaty clay. This 

 would seem in some, but not in all respects, to agree with either c or e of the 

 present section. Both overlie peaty clays. The men, however, say that it is 

 not in those beds, but higher up in (b) that they now find the flint -implements. 

 The gravel e is below all the beds worked. I had an excavation made in it, 

 but without success ; nor was my search in the other beds more successful on 

 my first visit. 



" The general evidence of this case certainly wants the completeness which 

 the French deposits afford, but still there is every reason to believe it to be an 

 analogous case. Unfortunately the old part of the pit is now worked out and 

 overgrown, but it is to be hoped that a full and efficient exploration of this 

 interesting spot may some day be made. Mr. Evans and I had several trenches 

 dug. but much more is yet required. In one on the south side of the field, 

 the brick-earth (b) was only four feet thick, and was overlaid by three to four 

 feel of ochreous drift-sand and gravel, and underlaid by two and a-half feet of 

 small gravel i composed in great part of small chalk pebbles) resting upon a 

 grey clay. The other trench, on the east side, exhibited a bed of yellow sand 

 wiih a few flints, three and a-half feet thick, passing into ochreous gravel one 

 foot, and under it a seam of grey clay one foot thick, and then another bed of 

 gravel, at the top of which we were stopped by water. At a distance of a 

 hundred arid fifty yards from this spot, and on the other side of the small 

 stream, is a pit in which the boulder clav is dug, and where no other beds are 

 exposed." 



(To be continued.) 



