NOTES AND QUERIES 



381 



recognizing with Prestwich, and working out the distinction between the high 

 level and low level drifts of the Pleistocene era, with pertinent observations on 

 lacustrine and river action. Mr. Symonds strongly appealed to his fellow 

 members to aid him with their individual observations, by noting particularly 

 the organic contents of the drifts ; a clue might thereby be obtained that 

 would elucidate many of the pleistocene phenomena. 



Thereon ensued a discussion, sustained in a lively and erudite manner, by 

 Messrs. Moore and Woodward, the latter contributing a just and discriminating 

 account of the palseontological differences between high level and low level 

 " mammalia," with geological remarks on the habits of the tropical Bison and 

 the larger Pachyderms, such as Elephas antiquus and E. primigenius, glancing 

 at their aptitude for enduring the rigor of the glacial epoch. 



Another paper was communicated by Mr. Frederick Smithe on the Upper 

 Lias of Churchdown Hill, a similar formation to Dumbleton, the writer, after 

 giving a brief resume of the divisions and sub-divisions of the Lias and the 

 synonyms of the subordinate zones as used by the chief European authors, 

 restricted his attention to the "^Ammonites communis Zone" of the Upper 

 Lias, which reposes on the marlstone, and treated this zone in its development 

 at Churchdown — first lithologically, then palseontologically. 



As to the included beds, the A communis Zone comprises (1), on top the 

 Laminated Shales ; (2), the Fish Beds within them ; (3), the Leptsena Bed 

 lying beneath the " Alga-bed ;" (4), the Marlstone upper beds, embracing a 

 course of siliceous nodules. The author had exhumed remains of Teleosmirus, 

 and Pterodactytus, Colceia, a not uncommon Lias crustacean, Pachycormus, 

 Tetragonalepis concentricus, Lepidolepis ovalis and dapedius ; also, Belemno- 

 sepia, Ammonites, and such molluscan forms as Ostrcea, Nucula, Area, Modiola, 

 Monotis and Posidonomya. 



Rostellaria being nearly the only gasteropod in the catalogue. In short, 

 for a locality considered so poor in comparison with the Somersetshire deposits, 

 not a bad harveet. 



The president, at the close of a most enjoyable day, admitted to be one of 

 the most delightful meets of the season, invited the members to attend, on the 

 17th of September, at Worcester, when Sir Charles Hastings, the Bishop of 

 the diocese, and M. Chaillu, the African traveller, are expected. 



NOTES AND QUERIES. 



Stone Weapon in a Eossil Deer's Skull. — Sir, — In the notice you took 

 of my pamphlet in the "Geologist" of June last, entitled "Remarks on the 

 Elint Instruments found at Amiens and Abbeville in connection with the 

 Glacial Theory," you consider that it would be highly desirable for me to elu- 

 cidate one remarkable statement made by a more particular statement of the 

 facts. The 1 statement you allude to I consider to be that in italics : " I can 

 prove that the Irish Elk was contemporaneous with man, having seen a stone 

 hammer s-ticking in the skull of one, and also the heads of others which had 

 been perforated by the same kind of weapon." 



I can now give you full satisfaction on that subject, having now in my pos- 

 session the identical stone hammer, or rather stone axe, or celt, which was 



