114 



THE GEOLOGIST. 



sand feet above their original level, throwing them into high angles, as 

 well as dislocating, fracturing, squeezing, and crumpling them : in this 

 way, vast continents and mountainr chains have been formed. On the 

 other hand, movements of depression have plunged beds far below their 

 original level. Both kinds of disturbances have often been followed by- 

 extensive climatal changes, which have materially affected the life-system 

 of our planet. 



8. Vegetable and animal life has existed on the earth during an im- 

 mense and undefinable period. 



9. The plants and animals, whose remains are entombed so frequently 

 in Aqueous rocks, have in general lived while the deposits containing 

 them were in process of formation. 



10. Successive creations and extinctions of plants and animals have 

 taken place ; so that, of the innumerable kinds (species) which have been 

 in existence, only a comparatively small number is now living. 



11. The life-system of our earth, in its various phases, has undergone 

 " an advance and progress in the main." 



EEVIEWS. 



Worhs of Julius Sclwarcz, Ph.D. 



1. A Fajtaherdes Szlnvonala hdrom er elott. Pest, 8vo, 1861. 



2. Foldtani ElmSleteJc a HellensSqml nagy sdndor Kordig. Pest, 8vo, 



1861. 



3. Recherches sur les Theories geologiq^ues des Grecs. Memoire presente 



a V Academie des Sciences. Yienna, 8vo, 1861. 



4. Layiipsacusi Strato, adaUh a tudomdny toHenetehez. Pest, 8vo, 



1861. 



5. La Geologic Antique, ei les Fragments du Clazoinenien. Memoire 



presents a la 28^ Session du Congres Scientifique de France. Pest, 

 4to, 1861. 



It is with much pleasure that English geologists and paleontologists re- 

 ceive the intelligence that the controversy on the Origin of Species, car- 

 ried on with increased vigour and animosity since the publication of Mr. 

 Charles Darwin's deservedly esteemed work, has spread its exciting influ- 

 ence as far as the base of the Carpathians. ]3r. Julius Schvarcz, a learned 

 Hungarian, has recently published the works the titles of which we give 

 above, and which embody the matured reflections of the most advanced 

 paltcontological school. This gentleman's works are published in the 

 Magyar language ; we believe that it is the first time that this ancient 

 TTgrinn diidoct has been used to disseminate the principles of jSIatural 

 ScUm-I ion. The Age of Man, his contemporaneity with the extinct animals, 

 llic Al)lu'\ iUe discoveries, and the distribution orer the surface of the globe 

 of I'ossils monkeys, are all discussed in these works with an erudition sur- 

 prising to English geologists, who are not prepared to find that the war- 

 fare carried on in the Zoological Section of the British Association in 

 1860 altracted atd-niioii in Hungarian scientific circles. The principles of 

 Dr. Schvarcz seem ultra-lransrautationist. He dates the creation of man to 

 a period far transcending in remoteness the historical period, and endorses 

 tlu- opinions of Sir C. Lyell and Mr. Darwin. The most interesting work of 

 his is tliat one {Recherches sur les Theories Geologiques des Grecs) in which 



