ELAKE — ON THE CEANIA OE AISTCIENT EACES. 22 L 



meuts of very coarse pottery, much charcoal, and broken pieces of the bones of 



various animals — a proof that man had inhabited that precise spot. 

 A. Central axis of the cone, transversely bisected by the railway. It is here that the 



torrent flowed in ordinary times, before the dykes had been constructed. 

 C C. Surface of the cone, when the torrent was commenced to be dyked. This line is, 



to a certain extent, ideal; all the others are real, and have been actually observed 



as they are represented in the section. 

 M N. The iron road. 



V. Bridge acting as aqueduct to the torrent which crosses the railway. 



O P N, In this space exclusively all those distances are included which have served to 

 establish chronological calculations. These distances, often repeated, are capable 

 of being taken here very exactly ; they can be considered as exact almost to half 

 an inch. 



The section has been interrupted at M, because it became indistinct here. Its 

 southern extremity was complete in every relation. 



KjdJchenmdddings {Denmark). — Numerous human skeletons from 

 the ancient deposits of Denmark, in which the remains of extinct ani- 

 mals, with one exception {JBos primigenius) have not been found, have 

 been afforded to us. The skulls are brachy cephalic, and possess 

 well-defined supraorbital ridges. M. Morlot says " that their front 

 teeth did not overlap as ours do, but met one another, as those of 

 the Greenlanders of the present day. This evidently indicates a 

 peculiar manner of eating." The value of this assumption could only 

 be estimated by the illustration of a drawing, showing in what way 

 such close juxtaposition of the incisor teeth was effected. This evi- 

 dence, however, is not given to us, and those who are acquainted 

 with the range of dental variation in man, however they might con- 

 sider a conformation of this sort indicative of a peculiar description 

 of food, w^ill hardly affirm that the builders of the tumuli had "a 

 peculiar manner of eating." M. Morlot, although he quotes the 

 Greenlanders, Egyptians, and other nations as exhibiting the same 

 dental peculiarity, the incisors being worn away so as functionally to 

 resemble molars, is evidently not aware of the fact that this confor- 

 mation has been observed even amongst British sailors, and that it is 

 due solely to the triturating action of the hard substances used by 

 them as food. In the sepulchral edifices of the early Danes, carefully 

 constructed of large hewn stones, M. Morlot has discovered numerous 

 crania, of which, he says, the type can be established. " It is a small 

 head, remarkably rounded in every way, but with a rather large facial 

 angle, and a forehead which does not bear the mark of a slightly- 

 developed intelligence. This type reminds one of that of the Lap- 

 lander, but it cannot be precisely affirmed to be identical with it." 

 One from Sanderumgaard, of the Iron period, in the island of Fyen, 

 is dolichocephalic, with a slightly retrocedent frontal. Practical 

 cranioscopists are aware that the range of variation in the skulls of 

 the Indo-European races is such as to exhibit many crania of these 

 two types amongst the existing races of Europe and Asia. Palaeon- 

 tologists are under a lasting debt of obligation to M. Morlot, who 

 has, by his researches on the later geological strata of Switzerland, 

 furnished us with an almost inexhaustible mine of information on the 

 contemporaneity of man with the extinct animals at both tbe Kjok- 



