FOllETGN INTELLIGENCE. 



433 



found : one a hatchet, roughly cut out of limestone ; the others being ser- 

 rated lance-hcads of different sizes. No human bones have as yet been 

 discovered, though there is reason to believe that the cavern was frequented 

 by man from the earliest period. 



The great works which have recently been going on at the citadel of 

 Antwerp have been made to do good service to geology by M. Dojardin, 

 the captain of engineers in charge of them, who has rendered account of 

 two admirable sections to the Belgian Academy. One, commencing at the 

 old citadel on the soutii, follows the principal trench, approaches nearly to 

 the new citadel on the north, and ends at one of the outworks near the 

 Scheldt. The other section begins at the Scheldt above the city, at a place 

 called Den Berg, in the prolongation of the principal face of No. 8 Fort at 

 Hoboken, and terminating at the right extremity of the Campinc canal. 

 The deposits shown are — 



1. Vegetable earth. 



-.IT ^ -n • 1 [2. Ferru'-iuous saad. 

 iModern Period < g p^,^^ ° 



Diluvial Period 4. Campmiau sand. 



o Tj. . T) • J 5. Argillaceous sands, 

 ibcaldisian Period ... <i n n i 

 \ 6. Grey sand. 



,• T) • 1 [7. Green sand. 

 Diestian Penod | g_ ^^^^^^^ 



llupelian Period ... 9. Argillaceous marl. 



The peat is, M. Dewall thinks, of very modern origin, as it contains 

 bones of animals of species still living in i he country, and arms and pottery 

 belonging to periods not very remote. It contains also undecayed stems 

 of vegetables. The Campinian sand is formed of grains of white quartz, 

 coated with various substances, chiefly hydrate of iron, and indurated clay. 

 It is entirely devoid of shells. At the base of these sands there is a bed 

 of quartz pebbles mingled with small teeth of fishes. This is probably a 

 band of the " Cailloux Ardennais," At the top of this bed there have been 

 found mammoth grinders, and a part of a skull with gigantic horns. 



The Scaldisian deposits consist of an upper yellow argillaceous sand 

 (No. 5), containing, teeth of sharks {Sqtudus, Carcharodoii, O.rijrhina, Trl- 

 gonoduu, Lamna), seal, and ziphius, etc. ; ear-bones of Balsenoptera ; and 

 casts of shells in indurated clay or ferruginous sandstone. Below this are 

 other argillaceous sands, with considerable quantities of broken shells ; and 

 from the list of these species given by various naturalists, this deposit 

 would seem to be the equivalent of the Eed Crag or Coralline Crag of 

 Suffolk. The fossils contained in this deposit are those in the lists nos. 33 

 and 34 of M. D'Omalius, in his ' Geologie de la Belgique.' Below these 

 argillaceous sands is a grey sand, containing the same fossil shells and 

 bones. At the base of this bed blocks are met with formed of grains of 

 (jiiartz and glauconite, consolidated probably by the dissolution of the 

 shells, and having usually as nuclei shells, bones, or small branches of 

 trees. The latter are often decomposed, giving rise to cavities in the 

 stone. Amongst the fossils of this deposit are the jaws and teeth of the 

 Squaloclon Antvcrjjiensls. Pectcn Lamallii, Tcrchratula jjcrfonnis, and a 

 species of Spataugits, occur in great numbers. Ditrujui suhulakt, bryo- 

 zoons, Ling u la Dumorticr't, and Tcrvhral nhi Sowcrhiconi, are also met with. 



The Sable vert of the ' Systeme Diestien " next follows. It contains 

 hardly any shells or bones, and those met with are of particular species. 

 (Quantities of oyster-shells are seen, and Isoeardia lunula fa is also very 

 abundant. Between the green and black sand there is met with at Kiel a 



VOL. V. 3 k 



