578 



AKCTIC RESEARCH EXPEDITION. 



and place the same in a recess made in the snow wall of the pas- 

 sage-way. 



Their breeches reach below the knee, and are fastened with a 

 string drawn tightly around the lower part of the waist. Those 

 worn by the women are put on in three pieces, each leg and the 

 body forming separate parts. 



The full winter dress for the feet consists of, 1st. Long stockings 

 of reindeer fur, with the hair next the person ; 2d. Socks of the 

 eider duck skins, with the feathers on and inside ; 3d. Socks of 

 sealskin, with the hair outside; 4th. Kumings [native boots], with 

 legs of tuktoo, the fur outside, and the soles of ookgook. 



All wear mittens, though the women generally wear only one, 

 and that on the right hand ; the left is drawn within the sleeve. 

 Finger-rings and head-bands of polished brass also form part of 

 the female costume. 



The Innuits show a re- 

 markable sagacity in stud- 

 ying the habits of their 

 animals, and gaining there- 

 from lessons of value for 

 their own guidance. They 

 observe how the seal con- 

 structs its igloo or snow 

 hut, and their own winter 

 dwelling is formed upon 

 this model. The accom- 

 panying illustration gives 

 a sectional view of a seal's 

 hole and igloo, with the 

 young one lying within, 

 and the mother coming up 

 to visit it. By the time 

 the sun melts off the cov- 

 ering snow, exposing and 

 destroying the dome of the 

 igloo, the young seal is 



* The horizontal lines extending across the lower part of the engraving represent 

 the sea-water, as do the short lines running in the same direction within the seal 

 hole which is through the ice. The ice is represented by the perpendicular lines on 

 either side of the seal hole. Resting on the ice are a young seal and the igloo, the 

 latter shown by the dark half circle. On either side and above the igloo is the snow 



NO. 1, SECTIONAL VIEW OP SEAL HOLE AND SEAL IGLOO.* 



