SOIL AND T.ABOH. 



and from 40 to 80 dollars in stiff clayey soils. To des- 

 troy it effectually, not a root or a joint of one must be 

 left. No valuable exotic will thrive where its roota 

 are invaded by this peat. It w ill kill spice trees, cof- 

 fee plants and sugar cane ; and inter teres greatly with 

 the growth of the hardier eocoaunt tree. Having once 

 got rid of this bane, vigilance uill be required to pre- 

 vent new crops arising from seed brought by the *\ iinU: 

 for unfortunately, like the seeds of tlie thistle ami of 

 someother plants, these are winged plagues. This grass 

 abounds on the Msdabar Coast where it is annually 

 burned. A line of tire may then be seen at night 

 extending for many miles in length. . It prows in the 

 Bengal pi-ounces where it is termed wtfoo f/Jtarts, 

 likewise in Ava, Tennassarim and the Eastern Archi- 

 pelago and in Sumatra. With reference to Continental 

 India, the j n ice of labor at Penang must be considered 

 high; but it bears a favorable comparison with the 

 bad wages given at the Mauritius, and those v ho liave 

 experience in the West Indies may not, perhaps, deny 

 that it falls short of the eost of labor there imd* r both 

 former and present circumstances. 



Colonel Flintcr, in his account of Poerto JRico, 

 staff* the price of free labor at is. a da\, — about 6 

 Sp. dollar a month. Each slave costs, on an average, 

 the same sum daily, four Sundays being deducted, 

 besides losses and other expenses. But. Poerto Kivo 

 seems almost, if not, the only island iu the West Indies 

 where free labor can be so obtained. The subject 

 of labor will be again adverted to. 



AGRTCULTU RA L 1 M PIGMENTS. 

 The Agricultural Implements used in Penang and 

 in Province Wellesley are : — 



1. Tengala — An iron-shod Malayan plough of 

 weak power. The Chinese plough, which turns over 

 the soil, is better than the tengula, the Bengalee 



