corn. — Food § Chthinif. 1^7 



A substantial ryot lives much hotter and will wear 

 out yearly 4 2 sarongs, two long sashes, c;tlU «i Lain pan- 

 jang. two hajoos or jackets, 3 pairs of pantaloons, two 

 kerchiefs, two handkerchiefs, besides keeping by bira 

 a complete festival suit of these clothes. It has been 

 estimated by writers nn India that the poorer ryot of 

 Jliudoosjtan expends in living only fourteen rupees a 

 >car. The Chinese and the Malays consume nearly 

 an equal quantity of rice, but the former use much 

 more animal food than the latter and dress much better, 

 jn the lower classes. 



Vpon an average, it M ill be found that those Malay- 

 an householders who have been several years settled, 

 and who occupy from two to five acres of land in 

 perpetuity are possessed of personal property, to an 

 amount varying from ten up to a hundred dollars. 

 This property consists of, perchance, a koran, also 

 brass kitchen utensils, cuspidors of brass, about a do- 

 zen Ctuoa dupe and plates, bedding and inusquito cur- 

 tains of coarse muslin, and mats, water jars — often of 

 Peguan manufacture — a chest, rice mortars and sieves, 

 betcl-liox and apparatus of brass, fishing apparatus, 

 grain and oil measures ; a spear and kris, and knife 

 or parang, baskets of rattan work, a baat when close 

 to the sea or on the bank of a river; — massive gold 

 earrings, for the women of the family, also gold and 

 silver buttons and silver bracelets, chains and other 

 ornaments ; — silk and cotton rfre&es. 



The wordly goods and chattels of a ryot of the 

 poorest class who occupies an orlong of laud, or per, 

 baps who is merely a tenant for the ymr, may be of 

 the average value of ten dollars. His house may be 

 Worth five or six. 



The dresses worn by the female portion of a sub- 

 stantia! yeoman* are becoming and often costly. 



J nst- iIim word yeoman as \hv must improi i i.ik k-rm fyr an independent 

 proprietor. * 



