130 corn. — Progress of CuUkation. 



nang and Province Wellesley and to the provisions 

 of the New Charter of the Hou'ble the East India 

 Company, European*, it appears, may settle on the 

 former without a license, but that a license is re- 

 quired to settle in 1 lie latter. Many 'Europeans ne- 

 vertheless are proprietors of land in that Proviuu 



Reverting to Province Wellesley, it is clear 1h.it i In- 

 state or Government had the power, at the period al- 

 luded to, of taking, had it so chosen, the whole of that 

 produce Mhich was surplus to the cost of production ; 

 meaning thereby, the capital expended with profit 

 thereon, and the wages or labor, as its share in the capf- 

 t in <«f landlord biting. Even admitting that fertile 

 waste-fantl ronld have be^n had for a very trifling 

 price or feV nothing, still it is certain that die fertile 

 land then in cuUh ation, or which might he cultivated, 

 would yfeW a rent; and in fact, the former did yield 

 one equal to an eighth part of the produce on the rich- 

 est soil. It required capital and Mas a work of 

 some time to clear the natural forest, and the cost and 

 trouble of clearing £ood and poor land Mas alike for 

 each. But even if the ryot received in perpeluity land 

 which could not, and did not, pay any but a nominal 

 rent, thru he was a manifest gainer, even allowing 

 that the cost of clearing only repaid him for his mere 

 labor and trifling outlay ; for the laud became of ex- 

 changeable value from the moment it was vested in the 

 occupier, and it might in time be so improved, or ex- 

 ternal circumstances might so affect ii as to cause it to 

 yield a rent which would increase that exchangeable 

 value. And if the ryot could get good Iamb paying 

 rent at the above rate of an eighth which would se- 

 cure to him one-hatf of the act nil pmduer, be might 

 not feel disposed to go to a distance in quest of waste 

 lamb Rent on the best land, at that perbd, Mas just 

 dne-half of what it is hom\ 



