1 30 CO n * Rents— Capita!. 



Chinese, and perhaps the other classes too will in va- 

 in ways bring 1 the surplus to contribute to the 

 public prnsjtf.ntv and revenue. 



The Chinese are so systematic, that next to Euro- 

 pean skill, their Uib m may be expected to bear the 

 Stamp of judicious innovation* in cultivating. 



In such a new country, landlords will consult their 

 own interest beat by Irasing- their newly -ele-ovd lamU 

 fir a tew years at first, at progress* ve rates of rent, 

 the fast year's rent being calculated at a rate some- 

 what less than they might, in a sanguine mood, expect. 



'Hie present custom with land-owners is to grant 

 annual leases (with a few exceptions) which not only 

 checks improvement and lowers profits and rents, 

 hut if the land be not very rich, tends decidedly to 

 deteriorate it ; for the tenant cannot afford to embark 

 any capital or stock in the cultivation, and therefore 

 ma fees the most be can with the least possible outlay 

 of capital and labour. 



Tlte landlord must, in the end, be fully reimbursed 

 for his relinquishment of high profits for several 

 years after the first occupation to iiis tenant, provid- 

 ihe hind is capable of being- improved so as to yield 

 fhem; for these high profits will entice capital, which, 

 when once fairly sunt on the land cannot be removed, 

 leaving the landlord a greater gainer. 



In some parts of China the owner gets GO per cent, 

 of die produce, the rate of wages being about 8 cents 

 of a dollar. Two crops are taken and each individu- 

 al bunch of rice is manured during its growth. The 

 labourer occasionally gets 50 cfiee or brass coins (1050 

 nearly to one Spanish dollar) and his food as daily 

 wages. The Chinese assert that, in this way, an or- 

 long would yield 1 coyau arid 160 gnntangs of paddie* 



Rents in England are averaged at one-fifth of the 

 gross produce. Tbe average money^reut herbal pre- 



