In DeeepKou SOUTHERN CRUISE. N^I^^T^ily'Kntf. 29 



The plan of Pendulum Cove by Lieutenant Ken- 

 dall, of the Chanticleer, with which 1 furnished 

 Lieutenant Johnson, wa» found accurate. (In their 

 landing, the bare ground that was seen was a 

 loose black earth. The botl« of the ravines and 

 the beaches were, of a bluck and reddish gravel, 

 much resembling pumice-stone in appearance. I'- u- 

 guins were seen in countless numbers, or, as he 

 expresses it, M covering some hundreds of acres on 

 the hill side. 1 ' It was then the moulting season, 

 and they were seen busily occupied in picking ofT 

 each other*** feathers. It was an amusing sight to 

 see them associated in |»airtf T thus employed, iind 

 the cage mess with which the sailors attacked them 

 with the oars and boat-hooks. They wire not 

 inclined to submit quietly to this intrusion, and in 

 some instances readily gave battle. Their manner 

 in lining it was to sei^e ihe aggressor with their 

 bill, and beat h'tni with their flippers. Their 

 bearing was quite courageous, and their retreat 

 dignified, as far as their ridiculous waddle would 

 permit. They were showy-looking birds, with 

 yellow topknots, and are known as the aptenodytes 

 ehryseome. 



As an accompaniment to these penguins, a small 

 white pigeon (cluronis or sheath bill) was found 

 lu re, quite tame. These were easily taken in 

 numbers. They are not web- footed, have red legs 

 and bills, with perfectly white though not fine 

 plumage. They seem to live entirely on the dung 

 of the penguin, and their flesh is black, coarse, and 

 unpalatable. Sailing up the bay, they descried a 

 s< u leopard (the phoea leopardiun jam), which 

 Lieutenant, Johnson succeeded in taking; but by 

 an unaccountable mistake, the skull, Aic. wore 

 thrown overboard. lis dimensions were also 

 omilted to In- taki n. 



Knowing that Captain Foster, in the Chanticleer, 

 hud left hero a self-registering thermometer in 

 W'21). I directed Lieutenant Johnson to look for it, 

 and note its standing. Immediately on securing 

 the tender he proceeded to search for it, but not- 

 withstanding the particular directions, he did not 

 find it. Since my return home, I have received a 

 letter from William 11. Smiley, master of a seating 

 vessel that touched there in February, 1842, stating 

 that he had found the thermometer, and carefully 

 noted its minimum temperature, which was 5 = 

 below zero. 



Lieutenant Johnson, in company with Assistant- 

 Surgeon Whittle, visited an OH crater, at the head 

 of the bay, where a g.-ntle ascent of about four 

 hundred feet brought them to the edge of an 

 abrupt bank, some twenty feet high, surrounding 

 the crater on the bay side. The crater was about 

 fifteen hundred feet in diameter, from east to west, 

 bounded on the west or further si<le by lofty hills, 

 with many ravines, which had apparently been 

 much washed by heavy mins. This led to the 

 belief that the water found within the crater would 

 be fresh, hut its taste, and the incrustation of fait 

 found on its borders, showed that it was not ho. 

 Near the east end of the crater, the water boils in 

 many places, sometimes bubbling out of the side 

 of a bank, at others near the water's edge, with a 

 hissing noise. The surface water w.:s found to he 

 on a level with the waters of the bay, and to lie 

 milk-warm. A few inches Iwlow, it was perceptibly 

 colder. No therinometric observations were oh- | 



taiued. The ground near the Boiling Springs wan 

 quite hot. In the vicinity were lying quantities of 

 cellular and scoriaeeous lava. The only sign of 

 vegetation was a lichen, growing in small lulls, 

 around the month of several small craters, of three 

 or four feet in diameter. From th-se a heated 

 vapour iseoustanily issuing, accompanied by much 

 noise. Before tiny returned t» ihe tender, t h.-v 

 were overtaken by a violent snow-storm from the 

 north-east, and with difficulty reached the cove 

 w ithout ihe boal. having been compelled to leave 

 it at the opposite side of the bay. for ihe force id 

 the wind was such as to render all their cjforts fo 

 pull against it useless. This weather continued 

 with much snow for threo days, when it censed 

 snowing, but still blew heavy. It was the inten- 

 tion of Lieutenant Johnson to carry over the ynwl, 

 for the purpose of Bounding in the crater, to ascer- 

 tain its depth, ami get its tcmpnr&tnre, which it is 

 to be regretted was not done. On the I7'h of 

 March they "ailed from Deception Island, having 

 left a bottle enclosing reports, tied to a flag-stall*. 

 This was afterwards found by Captain Smiley, who 

 mentions in his letter to tne, that in February. 

 1842, the whole south side of Deception Island 

 appeared as if on fire. He counted thirteen vol- 

 canoes in action. He is of opinion that the island 

 is undergoing many changes. He likewise reports 

 that Palmer's Land consists of a mimhi rof ii-lamN, 

 between which he has entered, and that the pas- 

 sages are deep, narrow, and dangerous. 



The Sea-Cull, after a stormy passage, reached 

 Orange Harbour on the 22nd, w ith all hands much 

 exhausted. She was despatched by Lieutenant 

 Craven the next day, as before stated, in search of 

 the launch, ( which had been absent eleven days,) 

 on the route she had been ordered to pursue. 



In passing over from Hermit Island to that of 

 Evout's, during a brisk gale and heavy sea, the 

 launch, in towing, filled, broke adrift, and was 

 lost. The men had all been previously ordered 

 out of her, and most of the articles removed. The 

 Sea-Cull again reached Orange Harbour on the 

 5th. 



On her arrival, finding the launch had not com- 

 pleted the duties pointed out, I again despatched 

 the Sea-Gull tender to finish them, particularly to 

 examine and survey a harbour on the east side of 

 Woltastun's Island. She accordingly sailed the 

 next day, and succeeded in performing the re- 

 quired duty, having surveyed a very safe and con- 

 venient harbour on the cast side, and ascertained 

 that the so-called Wullaston Islam! formed two 

 islands. Leaving to the easternmost the name of 

 Wollaston, 1 h»ve given to the western the name 

 of Baily. after Francis I3ailv, Lsq., the well-known 

 vice-president of the Royal Society, &s a small 

 memento of the obligation tho expedition and 

 myself are under to him, for ihe great interest he 

 took in ihe equipments, and the kindness shown 

 me while in Loudon when procuring the instru- 

 ments. Tlit" harbour that lies between these two 

 islands was named after the Sea-Cull. A chart of 

 it will lie. found in the Hydrographies! Atlas. 

 Lieutenant Johnson was again transferred to the 

 Vineeiuus. On the 12th, tin- living- Fish arrived, 

 bringing news of the Peacock and their operations, 

 which will be detailed in the following chapter. 



