THE ETHNOLOGV OF THE INDIA h ARCHTPglAOO. 



53 



antirraitr of the African languages is amply confirmed by their 

 structural and glossarial difference, which un: so rrrf.it as to shew 

 that each took its form at a period when the harmonic organism was 

 comparatively crude, ano* probably not greatly advanced beyond the 

 Egyptian. Lastly, the Iranian lanjuasr^ themselves are onlv Mid- 

 Asian ones rendered inflectional.* The tribe who spoke them 

 appears to have descended from a family with a finer or£ranwm,th&t 

 was planted in Bactria or Irania, and, increasing there in population 

 and strength, became a new fount of nations which spread to the 

 S. E.' and N. W. The Semitic tribes also prolrably belong to a 

 similar era. The latter located in front of Africa and the former 

 in front of India, lonjr prevented all movements of the more easterly 

 Mid- Asian races upon the lands to the 8. and S. W,f 



It is evident that Africa has not been directly colonised from 

 India, because her languages have neither the highly developed 

 and well marked Tartarianism of the 8. Indian, '*or mainly the 

 Tartar-Chinese forms of the Indo-Tibetan. Moreover thev'have 

 far more phonetic and euphonic fluency, and other indications of 

 the earlier harmonic era, than any existing Indian languages, 

 although some of the latter are remarkably fluent. From the 

 Sechuana to the Berber, the African languages exhibit diversities 

 and combinations whieh can only be referred to a crude Tartar- 

 Semitic origin, and there is no evidence that any other part of 



* As to t'ue comparatively email importance of this change In itseif, Me Vol. Ill 

 p, 610. Tt con ha»dl> b« ealhrd tt n orgnnie- on-*, or ai I«a*t is so in a rastrictad s«nae 

 on j, because it mem qnlte possible that the some tribe might gradually conrert a 

 dom fix uat language like the Tamil, the Turkic or iHt Australian, into a postflexual 

 one likr the Latin. A Turanian language tike the Median, having an Iranian 

 eoJJorvi vi, i n.'!, t, in ibefcaadi » ambc^^naat rnteiir ■rtuui pow«>r n-ni .uit.vvy, 

 become inflectional in the course of an era of no great length. In that eusa the 

 organ* derdonment which ullirontely prudnceil Uw Inflectional language wouM 

 have originated in a family possessed of a non-inflexional language. Fully to 

 unrtera'and how closely ih« general character of the Iranian approximate* to the 

 that of the tartariau, it is necessary to compare both with th#» other great groups 

 of the L-iu-Chfm-se, the Asiane^mu and the African. In the latter the ideologies 

 Of evwn adjacent lanpiage* exhibit m-w striking dfftroocea rhan the Tartar -I raman 

 I.i!i,-ua^e*. I pa rt iBWl nr h r- :er to tin- position of tbeVefitidoaJ parti v.. In »he 

 Lgro-Tartarhui ftbtrtaa. j:,innese, Old Indian, and most of the Iranian, they are 

 aUno4 uniformly portplaud. In the Laii-Chinew, African and Asianesian their 

 portion varies trom language to another, and even In the same language it (a 

 not uniform. Tim prevailing tendeney ol thr African and Aslaneslan however L* the 

 revery! <"t»^ rnrtaMrantiin, ^ureAxes and initial Inflections being mueh more, — 

 common than twaiflxea and final inflections. The great prevalence of a uniform 

 system m ptwiflxf* In Acla anil Unrope Is another im -.ence tlmt the i n :m--z>-- t'us 

 chftnicicri«tnl twhmg tu late era*. The freer Ideology of the African and AsTauealan 

 r ' :,n " ir VVI " r! - ,,r ' "H^lemtians, in evindngthet they belong to an earlier era oi 

 tin hamiorm- tr.npi» » tlnm the Tartartnn. Hm collocation of the Tartarian and 

 Ir..n. in \\'<_?i< prohab'y originally mnrh Irs* di\ei\{i.'ii: r)i.u» tin < now ur--. The 

 cluing* In that of the tatter seem* to have been, In some degree, connected with the 

 sinking of postfixed particles into Inflectional endings. 



f I have not referred to the Euskarian, Ugrian, Samoldcan, Yenisean, N. E. 

 Asian, Vmencnn and other older races, because they are not immediately connected 

 wtth the bBAinj>f the Indian Oean. We shall find it necessary to ad vert to them 

 when we ouleav.-ur to aacertaln the true position of the Asianettiiui languages, and 

 the particular era* of lincuMtic development with which they associate themselves 

 In this enquiry even- kmily of languge* in the world b illustrative. 



