TH* ETHNOLOGY OP THE INDIAN AUCUlPUl AOO. 77 



tion, from the civilised races of southern Africa. There is another 

 Madnfrascar tribe which wc can refer in the same way to the 

 opposite portion of the continent The extinct race of Yaaimbas 

 who appear to hare occupied Ankovsi before the Hovas, and whose 

 tombs (called Vaztmbas) are held sacred by them, are identified 

 by their name with the tribes of the Zambesi basin, one of which 

 is still called Zimba or Mazimba.* It seems probable that 

 there has been a successive inBux of settlers from the opposite 

 continental basins, some belonging to different tribes, but all 

 speaking dialects of the same language or closely allied languages. 

 These migrations must have taken place before the Arabs were a 

 maritime people, or at least before they settled cm the east coast of 

 Africa. The Malga.4 languages of themselves prove that their 

 sepantuon from the continental stock took place in archaic times, 

 and indeed the island mmt have been inhabited within a few hundred 

 years after there were canoes on the Zarol>e$i and (1 -jiher rivers 

 on the opposite coast. As die Nile basin was \u hubs ted long 

 anterior 10 0,000 years ago, it U probable that the human history 

 of Madagascar numbers many thousands of years. 



I believe that the Malgasi tribes are essentially African in all 

 refpects; that their languages are African in phonology and 

 structure ; that they have considerable gloasarial affinities to many of 

 the continental tongues ; that their vocabularies do not differ more 

 from African languages than these do from each other ; that they 

 have been amongst the chief African sources of the Africo-Indian 



• The word zimba or zarnba (jctvi, rang, tham.jttm) combined with the prefixes 

 ma (v. mo, mi*) and ka, ktei, mid with name poattixw, (fi ves a name to Moiam- 

 Mk. the riven Zamhote, Morimba, ami sevend other places, rivers end tribes ut Uie 

 AJrWu land opposite Msdocascar, *udi m iSiiobaac, |l as a m a nl» Moaambi, MuxJm- 

 baa, KoM-rabe, Maeammha, Kwerimbn, Kwizhnajugo, Zanzibar rvr Zanzibar, Morn- 

 be*, Majaubofm Kongn) Movlia, Uidudurtv Ac It beUofouiidaethenaiiirof one 

 of Uie great haftr tribe* to the tout Ward, the Tainbukae, properly Mathunba, 

 which U Identical with the Va or Marimba oi Haduutucer. 'Mii- 1 >■■. i Humr -.v.rh 

 several other widely spread African MM, sin:h a* Don go, Dotufoio, Merawe, 

 Gtdla. Tambuki kc are found in the Indian Archipelago, where the African and 

 |lt%tal local, ethnic, ftubstantival and adject-ival prefixes are tbo cimttum, mo, 

 n\ m'ino, mono, nn kc. Compare the African and Madagascar Andrei, Antvw, 

 A nary, Ankova, Ankiuda itc with the Aaianesien Attkofa, Androna, A spots, 

 Anm ; the African and Mahpud Mahalately, Mahnjtilt/, MakmfttOMM, Mdteo, 

 fiakarvnga, Moroet, Ambottyo, Anipitaha, Amanita, Anui 'x'S-in, Auuithtunba or 

 MatKtmfttti >f«rinfl, SUmonuitapa, y\nl(tkw"'H* Monaewsxi, ^Aainnxi, Motmtuy- 

 A/or. Jtlananuiri kc with the Aauuiuriuu Amtofl't, kntbrnu, Amanubang^ Amtdti, 

 Knmrasiy Ambatihi, Ambau, Slatuka, hLoJutntfa, Oathvatu, blationavi, M'/rfo- 

 itaiitia, Uartado, MonatOM, Mn«"ri, Wnnntur, M SI atom , Minfira, Mu», 

 HmaMt, Mono/tni, VLamtvf, Xlanoarai, Mangkiuar, Min Ma- 



nangkabau, MaUtka, blaluKtt, Ma/t/ki, Makia. AmnKrx, Am/ibum, A««/*wI, 

 Ajnblau, Ambun (AtnboinaJ Amu'-ttio, Antakua, f ii. E. Indonesia ) Uukua 

 (Holvnwte.) Nakapua, M<rkaW<«, Makumtbai, M«k/irikt, kc. Apr Tliennme of 

 Uie ^e«ro tribes of Luzon Attn, Ita (black) appoarato enter into the Greek Affi- 

 opla which was a descriptive and not a merely ethnic word. 



A KeaUeman who luu jost arrmd from 'Comoro has lent me a work by M. 

 La Combe on M a-iajruiicar, In an jntrodiutiuH to which hy M t'rvU rvlllt- ihe 

 Vaaunhaji are indendnVat with the continental race. J have al*> received much 

 informauoo respcciing Madagascar, which will enable me to cater fully Into the 

 •object of Its relation* to Africa, Indie, Arabia and Aatanena. 



