f 



TH1 XTH50LOOT or THE I5BIAM AiOHLPfXAOO. 87 



Borneo, just as they did in earlier tunes and in a Bmnllcr decree to 

 the Micronesian islands. The Mohtkas have, in all later Indian 

 time*, been the teat of an indigenous civilisation and power, and 

 altboojjh the Indian* and Indianised Javanese have visited them 

 from the* period of the earliest commercial intercourse between the 

 Archipelago and India, they have never established any dominant 

 colony or kingdom, and to this day the indigenous nations and 

 government remain, under the protection ami control of the Dutch. 



The great island of Halrnahera was, in the oldest historical and 

 traditional lime?, the seal of the predominant tribe, w hieh included 

 Ceram in its dominions, and had its chief colony there in the fine 

 bav of Sarcau From Sawai it is probable the principal of theso 

 emiscrations went forth, which, spreading along the northern islets 

 of the Melanesian chain, at last reaehed and colonised the Samotn 

 isles, and thence diffused the 6. W. Indonesian race throughout 

 Polynesia. The name of 8awnii or Sawaiki i* literally Sawn the 

 the little, • and 8awa is identical with Java, so that the name was 

 probably first given by a Polynesian colony from Java, jurt as 

 the modem name of a country on the south coast (Seran, Selan, 

 Seram, Ceram) which Eunineans have extended to the whole 

 \sland, t was bestowed by Javanese colonists, at a period when 

 Singhalese seem to have been the leading Indian settlers or traders 

 and°civilisers in the Archipelago, if we may judge by many names 

 of places, sovereigns and chiefs, and by the histories of some of the 

 Malayan nstions, I , 

 The name Java, Jaba, Saba,* Zaba, Jawa, Sawa, HawaJl is the 

 • Sfluw, Jnvxt, Habn, Jcha fa baa evidently in all Urn* been the capital local 

 uame m Indftoesfa. Si «Mi ArtJtfjpalago wee eoapresaed into an Wand of that 

 name by the Hindoa and Honiara. Rv«i in the time of Marco Polo w* have only a 

 * Jeoa Major and a Java Minor. The Bagw apply the name of Jewe J«*r«ka 

 (coma, the Polynesian BMlriH. Cerameae Sfluwi) to the Molnkaa. One of the 

 irtiicW di virions of Bade-hwd In Sumatra i* called Ton* Jowa. ThawL Dawai 

 Km) and Hawa. A*» point the same way. [tiegu, thago, degn U the Burinnae 



Mune ofatiw l 9c Taval, >' . Zealand. ■ , 



t A more archaic name atill appear! to bo NiwHWi (a curiottt Indonesian 

 cnnblnaoen of Greek a«vd Saxon, meaning literally Hiil lalajid)itill«pl.ed to the 

 elevated mountain which taflrat aeeo by voyaaera m approaching the Uland. Hell 

 KSJlhVSi Polo t*ia* languagaiihilUmiohatha, aa well Ss in GreetBritaia 



and other yaaon innis. • . . t 



t Lankawi, Singapore, Lonkapuri, Selan, iwi. Singapore anpearajo hate received 

 Jti ^inirhalcae name long before the Malaya occupied it wth* 13th century. U 

 Pioiemfi map there appear* at the bottom of the deep hay ortSrt&flracoj wh « 

 be haiTotmed by jotainj ; Wtra (Auree Chersonesiii - Pub M.w. aa old JliOaj 

 name) to the Pemniula, a to*n called B&inga which, from its powtion, ea-i hardly 

 be any other than Singapore, perhaps at that tune a Smghalaae or lode- Javanese 

 place of trade. Mr Rtinr aome veara ago drew attention to the conmjction between 

 the Archipelago and Ceylon. I ahall afUrwsrda notice hb paper. 



I Ptolemy uw both Jab* and tlaba. He tuva elao a UrtW called Qabaiyz at the 

 otrtmfty of tha A area Cnerfono*oa which there can be UtUe beats' ion in conal- 

 derinz to be the principal of tha moiteoriera Indonesian port* trequen-ed bytlia 

 ▼c4ie& of Aden and India, and m idanttfying with Jawnna to Jata. fhetiuoouA 

 Kakula (probably the TakuU of Ptolemy), Jtala or Kalaher muat have b**n tha 

 wrf.ern or Sonde port, of which the Chinese eppoax to hate pr^erred the nam* 



J K S.«ll' Saetln Lome part* of 8. £■ IqdoassI*. The ? f 

 t&ivy common, aa I noticed In a prettou* paper. The island o? bulu la ceUed 

 by the natives Soto and Jolo. 



