March 1895.] INJURIOUS INSECTS AND FUNGI. 



307 



by Drs. Judich and Nitsche in their " Lehrhuch der Mitteleuro- 

 jpdischen Forst inseJden-Kunde" tobacco juice, obtained by boiling 

 tobacco in water, and bullocks' blood are added to the lime and 

 cow dung. This and other dressings, however, should be applied 

 high up the trees as eggs have been found from 8 to 10 feet from 

 the ground, but except, perhaps, in the case of orchards, thin 

 mode of prevention would, it is thought, be too expensive. 



In Belgium, where this insect recently caused serious harm 

 to elms, the bark and frass were scraped from the mouths of 

 the caterpillars' tunnels, and the openings were enlarged some-^ 

 what with a sharp knife. Insecticides or insectifuges were 

 then forced up through the tunnels by means of a strong 

 syringe with a long curved nozzle. The results of this operation 

 were quite satisfactory, as it is stated that neither moths nor 

 eggs were seen upon the trees in the rows treated in this way. 

 A composition of petroleum was also tried, but this was not so 

 effectual. Besides, petroleum solution is likely to injure the 

 trees if it is too strong. 



Thrusting wire up the tunnels in some instances kills the 

 caterpillars. If a hook is formed at the end of the v/ire cater- 

 pillars can sometimes be drawn down the tunnels. 



When holes made by these caterpillars are seen in trees they 

 should be at once plugged up with wooden pegs well driven in, 

 or with cement, to prevent the wet getting in, which would cause 

 decay. 



Birds are very fond of the large eggs of this moth. The 

 Marsh Tit (Parus ^^oXustvis) and the Blue Tit {Par us coerideus) 

 are very useful in this direction, as well as two or three species 

 of " Wood-warblers " (Phylloscopus), which are diligent insect 

 Jiunters. 



Horticultural Legislation in British Columbia. 



A supplement to the British Columbia Gazette, a copy of 

 which has been transmitted to the Board of Agriculture by the 

 Agricultural Department of that Colony, contains certain regu- 

 lations regarding the destruction of insect pests, made under 

 the Provincial Horticultural Board Act of 1894. 



It is notified in these regulations that the word "pests" 

 includes woolly aphis, apple-tree aphis, scaly-bark louse, oyster- 

 shell bark louse, San Jose scale, red scale, borers, codlin moths, 

 currant worms, or other known injurious insects, and all fungous 

 diseases. 



The regulations provide that all nurserymen, fruit growers, 

 and persons owning, occupying, or managing an orchard, garden, 

 or nursery infested with any pest shall notify to the member of 

 the Horticultural Board for the district in which such orchard, 

 garden, or nursery is located, or the secretary or inspector, or 



c 2 



