Sept. 1896.] 



INJURIOUS INSECTS AND FUNGI. 



163 



joints black, while the rostrum is like that of the larva. The 

 wings are very large and brilliant, with black membranes, and 

 the legs resemble those of the larva. It is about the third of an 

 inch long, with a wide wing expanse. 



By the end of the second week in July the Galocoris disappears, 

 having laid eggs, presumably upon the hop plants, and it may be 

 upon the poles, or upon plants and weeds near the hop grounds. 



Some hold that the insect hibernates in the perfect state 

 among grass, weeds, and in the cracks of hop poles. Others 

 believe that hibernation is passed in the egg stage. 



Very little can be done to check this attack. In its early 

 stages tapping the poles and holding tarred boards under them 

 to catch the bugs maybe of some advantage. Bat later on, 

 when they have acquired wings, this is of no use. 



If washing with offensive solutions is adopted against the 

 hop bugs, it must be done while they are in the larval or pupal 

 stage. But washing is far from satisfactory. Plants have been 

 washed with various solutions of quassia, soft soap, paraffin, 

 carbolic acid, and with special compositions, without much 

 apparent effect upon these insects. Their food is the sap from 

 the bine, which cannot be made poisonous, and it is difficult to 

 render the surface of the bine so offensive that they will not 

 pierce it. 



Surface Caterpillars. 



2. 



1. Caterpillar of the Turnip Moth (Agrotis segetum). 



2. Caterpillar of the Heart and Dart Moth (Agrotis exclamationis). 



The attacks of these caterpillars have been unusually notice- 

 able this season (1896), as the growth of many of the plants on 

 which they feed was checked by the drought. Swedes and 

 turnips, for instance, were very backward, and a thin plant 

 generally, so that the action of these caterpillars upon them, 

 which would probably not have been of great consequence in 

 ordinary seasons, has been marked and disastrous in many cases. 

 Mangels again were seriously affected, being as a rule a weak and 

 backward plant, and, by reason of the lack of moisture, unable 

 to grow away from the caterpillars. Good-sized mangel bulbs 



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