Condition of Indian Agriculture. 167 



only a small part of the land is let to tenants, and there no 

 actual rental can be quoted. The land revenue is everywhere 

 a fair measure of the probable true rental, for it is usually 

 assessed at rather less than half of the estimated " fair 

 rental'' of the land, and it is ordinarily much less than hal 

 the rack-rents at which small farms are sublet by peasant 

 proprietors. For some provinces, therefore, the actual rentals 

 are returned, for others the land revenue only, and these 

 details for certain provinces are compared below : — 





Average of 

 1886-88. 



Average of 

 1893-95- 



Panjab, land revenue - - - - 

 N.W. Provinces and Oudh, rental 

 Madras, land revenue 

 Central Provinces, approximate rental - 

 Burma, revenue 



Total land revenue of British 

 India. 



Rx. (tens of 

 rupees). 

 2,114,000 

 8,255,000 

 4,503,000 

 1,042,000 

 379,000 



Rx. 



2,382,000 

 12,207,000 

 4,887,000 

 1,201,000 

 2,353,000 



*22, 946,000 



25,301,000 



Further evidence of progress is furnished by the increase 

 in the value of the exports of agricultural produce. The 

 average annual value of these exports has risen by about 

 35 per cent, comparing 1881-85 with 1891-95 ; the details are 

 given as follows : — 



Articles Exported. 



Average value of ex- 

 ports of 1881-85. 



Average value of ex- 

 ports of 1891-95. 



Cotton and Indian cotton goods 



Rice 



Wheat 



Oilseeds 



Indigo ------ 



Jute, raw and manufactured 



Tea 



Rx. (tens of 

 rupees). 



16,717,000 

 8,276,000 

 6,628,000 

 8,086,000 

 4,141,000 

 6,532,000 

 3,698,000 



Rx. 



19,646,000 

 12,574,000 



7,124,000 

 12,828,000 



3,871,000 

 11,476,000 



6,324,000 



54,078,000 



73,843,000 



* In the earlier years Upper Burma had not been pacified, and did not yield full 

 revenue. If the country had been quiet perhaps Upper Burma would in the earlier 

 years have been yielding Rx. 300,000 more. ... 



