Four Allies of the Winter Moth. 



caterpillars go into the earth and change to red-brown pup^* 

 from which the moths come in October. 



The Scarce Umber is by no means a scarce moth, judging 

 from its numerous caterpillars found in some seasons on 

 apple and other fruit trees. The wings of the male are from, 

 one to one and three-quarter inches across. It has yellowish 

 brown fore-wings with a golden tinge, and dark transverse- 

 lines. The hind wings are yellowish grey, and the body gold. 



The Scarce Umber Moth {Hyhemia aurmttiaria). 



coloured. The female is greyish-brown, nearly half an inch 

 long, with rudimentary winglets of a light grey colour, 

 flecked with brown. It is more hairy than the female of 

 the Mottled Umber. These moths appear towards the end 

 of October, and may be seen as late as January if the winter 

 is open. Greenish eggs, becoming darker in time, are laid 

 upon the fruit spurs by the females, which run up the trees. 

 The caterpillars are hatched when the buds swell, and com- 

 mence feeding at once upon them. They are just over an 

 inch lonof, slender in form, and of a purple brown colour, 

 while the sides and under part of the body are yellowish. 



The life history of this moth is practically the same as that 

 of the Mottled Umber moth, and the injury occasioned by the 

 caterpillars is quite as great. 



The male ot the Pale Brindled Beauty is a handsome moth,, 

 with wing expanse about \\ inches. The fore-wings are of 

 a light mouse colour with greenish shadings, and somewhat 

 undefined dark transverse lines, or bars. The hinder wings 

 are of a rather paler hue, and the body is greyish with a 



Male winged ; female wingless ; caterpillar. All natural size. 



