70 



Russian Sugar Industry. 



p7'o ratd^ from their factories the 31,000,000 pouds (9,964,286 

 cwts.) required to meet the home demand. The reserve 

 stock of 2,500,000 pouds (803,571 cwts.) is then made up pro 

 rata from the factories producing more than 60,000 pouds 

 (19,286 cwts). 



The factories producing more than 6o,ood pouds (19,286 

 cwts.) must export all produce remaining on their hands 

 after the above quantities have been made up. If they do 

 not export the quantities left on their hands, then, instead 

 of an excise of ir. 75c. per poud (los. iid. per cwt.), which is 

 levied on all sugar, a double excise of 3r. 50c. (21s. lod. per 

 cwt.) is levied on the quantity that should have been 

 exported. 



As sugar could, at the time of writing this report last year, 

 only be exported at a loss, and as the drawback of los. iid. 

 per cwt. which is repaid on export does not cover the loss 

 made by the sugar factories, the manufacturers do not care to 

 export it themselves, but are often ready to pay the merchants 

 an additional sum to cover the loss on exported sugar. The 

 Odessa merchants who export sugar are being paid ir. 75c. 

 per poud (los. iid. per cwt.) as returned excise, and at present 

 the sugar producers pay them ir. 56c. (9s. 8d. per cwt.), in 

 addition, so as to avoid the double excise which would be 

 levied on the sugar left on their hands if they did not 

 export it. The amount sugar manufacturers are ready to 

 pay depends on the price of sugar in England, but they 

 will pay any sum necessary below ir. 75 c. (los. iid. per 

 cwt.), the additional excise. The Russian Government do 

 not at present, therefore, pay any bounty on sugar exported 

 to Europe. 



A few years ago about thirteen tons of beetroot were 

 required to produce a ton of sugar ; but by careful cultiva- 

 tion and the selection of seeds from the best sugar-producing 

 sorts only, the quantity of beet necessary to produce a ton 

 of sugar has been reduced to about eight and a-half or nine 

 tons. 



The greatest care is taken in Russia not merely to grow 

 only the best varieties of beets from selected seed, but to 

 prevent all waste in the manufacture of the sugar by having 

 a professional chemist constantly on the spot. 



